Search results

*''Japanese'': 八芳園 ''(Happou-en)'' The Happô-en (lit. "eight fragrances garden") is a Japanese walking garden in [[Tokyo]] freely accessible to the public but primarily used today as a

*''Japanese'': 探勝園 ''(tanshouen)'' Tanshôen is a public park & garden in [[Kagoshima]], located adjacent to [[Terukuni Shrine]], and just below t

*''Japanese'': 大聖寺庭園 ''(Daishouji teien)'' ...ô]] moved a number of documents from her palace at Kawara and created this garden. The gardens are located on Karasuma-dôri, a short single city block north

*''Japanese'': 天赦園 ''(Tenshaen)'' ...n [[Uwajima]], in [[Ehime prefecture]]. It was established as a retirement garden for [[Date Munetada]], seventh lord of [[Uwajima han]], in [[1866]], and se

::''For the garden in Tokyo, see [[Koishikawa Korakuen]]'' *''Japanese'': 後楽園 ''

*''Japanese'': 後楽園 ''(kourakuen)'' ...[[Mito Edo mansion|Edo mansion]]. Construction began in [[1629]], but the garden was lost to a fire. It was completed by Yorifusa's son and successor, [[Tok

*''Japanese'': [[向島]] 百花園 ''(mukoujima hyakkaen)'' Mukôjima Hyakkaen, or Mukôjima Hundred Flowers Garden, is a Japanese garden located in the Mukôjima area of [[Tokyo]]. It is famous for its many stone

*''Japanese'': 東湖園 ''(Touko-en)'' ...y]]), incorporating the vision of Mt. Misaoyama into the aesthetics of the garden.

*''Japanese'': 芳春院 ''(Houshun-in)'' ...ich is said to evoke the gardens of [[Ginkaku-ji]] and [[Kinkaku-ji]]. The garden was designed by [[Kobori Enshu|Kobori Enshû]] in [[1617]], at the request

[[Image:Mustardseed.jpg|right|thumb|400px|A copy of the Mustard Seed Garden Painting Manual, in the collection of the [[Museum of Fine Arts, Boston]].] *''Published: [[1679]] (first volume, in China); [[1746]] (first Japanese edition)''

...right|thumb|320px|The ''Shôrômon'' (Bell Tower Gate) at the [[Hagiwara Tea Garden]] in [[San Francisco]], built by Nakatani Shinshichi.]] *''Japanese'': [[中谷]]新七 ''(Nakatani Shinshichi)''

*''Japanese'': 神泉苑 ''(shinsen'en)'' Shinsen'en is an Imperial garden in [[Kyoto]] which was the site of numerous aristocratic gatherings during

*''Japanese'': [[上村]]政勝 ''(Uemura Masakatsu)'' ...ogun, Uemura accompanied him to [[Edo]], planting a larger pharmacological garden in Edo's Komaba neighborhood in [[1720]]. He left that same year on a journ

...en anywhere in Europe, and the first major venue in which the newly-coined Japanese term ''bijutsu'' 美術 ("art") was used. ...titutions a practice-run, so to speak, for the organization and display of Japanese arts, crafts, technology, and so forth at Vienna the following year.<ref>Ma

*''Chinese/Japanese'': 蘭亭集會 ''(Lán tíng jí huì / rantei shuukai)'' ...s a famous poetry gathering which took place on [[353]]/3/3 at the private garden of [[Wang Xizhi]], and which has come to be seen as the model ideal for [[l

*''Japanese'': 本法寺 ''(Honpou-ji)'' ...of "breath." Nationally designated as a site of scenic beauty (国指定名勝), the garden includes a lotus pond, and an arrangement of rocks meant to resemble a wate

*''Japanese'': 六義園 ''(Rikugien)'' ...t "Rikugien" after a line from a [[waka|poem]] by [[Ki no Tsurayuki]]. The garden would continue to house the [[Yanagisawa clan]] lower mansion until the [[B

[[File:Ryoanji.jpg|right|thumb|320px|The famous rock garden at Ryôan-ji]] *''Japanese'': 龍安寺 ''(ryouan-ji)''

*''Japanese'': 兼六園 ''(kenrokuen)'' Kenrokuen is one of the most famous Japanese gardens in the country, and was formerly the private gardens of the [[Maeda

*''Japanese'': 肥後細川庭園 ''(Higo Hosokawa teien)'' The Higo-Hosokawa Garden is a Japanese garden in Bunkyô-ku, Tokyo. It is associated with the [[Hosokawa clan]], and is l

*''Japanese'': 仙巖園 ''(Sengan'en)'' Sengan'en is a formal garden in [[Kagoshima]], containing within it the Iso Palace, a secondary villa ('

*''Japanese'': 御茶屋[[御殿]] ''(uchaya udun)'' ...castle]] compound, it was often alternatively known simply as "the eastern garden," a name given it by [[Chinese investiture envoys|Qing envoy]] [[Wang Ji]]

*''Japanese'': 天授庵 ''(Tenju-an)'' ...ver, around [[1602]], and other parts in the late 19th century. One of the garden footpaths dates to [[1338]], around the time of the original establishment

*''Japanese'': 高桐院 ''(Koutou-in)'' ...h, lined with trees and bamboo. It is particularly famous for its [[momiji|Japanese maples]].

*''Japanese'': 三渓園 ''(Sankeien)'' Sankeien is a Japanese garden in [[Yokohama]], built by [[silk]] magnate [[Hara Sankei|Hara Tomitarô]].

*''Japanese'': 志摩 ''(Shima)'' ...are handrails (bannisters) facing the front, and overhangs over the inner garden.

*''Japanese'': 龍源院 ''(Ryougenin)'' ...cranes and turtles. One, called Tôtekiko, is said to be the smallest rock garden in Japan; the pattern of the stones there is meant to resemble the ripples

*''Japanese'': 天龍寺 ''(Tenryuu-ji)'' ...largely the same form as when Soseki designed it in the 14th century. The garden has thus been designated a scenic and historical site by the national gover

...mansion.jpg|right|thumb|320px|One section of the mansion, as seen from the garden]] *''Japanese'': 旧堀田邸 ''(kyuu hotta tei)''

*''Japanese'': 津田玄蕃 ''(Tsuda Genba)'' *McClain, James. Kanazawa: A Seventeenth-Century Japanese Castle Town. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1982.

*''Japanese'': 孤篷庵 ''(Kohouan)'' ...on the ocean. The temple is known for its tearoom, known as Bôsen, and tea garden, which are likewise designed to evoke the idea of looking out over the ocea

*The first Japanese edition of the "[[Mustard Seed Garden Painting Manual]]" first appears.

[[Image:Ginkaku.jpg|right|thumb|320px|The Silver Pavilion, and rock garden.]] *''Japanese'': 銀閣寺 ''(ginkaku-ji)''

*''Japanese'': 大仙院 ''(daisen-in)'' ...of the ''hôjô'', and is quite narrow and enclosed by plastered walls. The garden evokes the idea of a river flowing alongside the building; two vertical roc

*''Japanese'': 寝殿造 ''(shinden-zukuri)'' ...(''tai'', 対) which extended out perpendicular to it, encircling a pond and garden. The wings were attached to the ''shinden'' by a one-bay-wide corridor call

*''Japanese'': 宮良[[殿内]] ''(Miyara dunchi)'' ...n for this reason, it never was. The mansion also features an aristocratic garden with large stones.

*''Chinese/Japanese'': [[王]]羲之 ''(Wáng Xīzhī / Ô Gishi)'' ...reenacted in gardens throughout the region as well.<ref>Chi Xiao, Chinese Garden as Lyric Enclave, Center for Chinese Studies, Univ. of Michigan (2001), 89.

*''Chinese/Japanese'': 琴 ''(qín / kin)'', 古琴 ''(gǔqín / kokin)'' ...n-stringed zither, it is closely related to the ''[[guzheng]]'' and to the Japanese ''[[koto]]''. The standard form of the ''qin'' is said to date back to the

*''Japanese'': [[尾山]]神社 ''(Oyama jinja)'' ...eeling of a foreign country. Partially built in red brick, it incorporates Japanese, Chinese, Dutch, and other Western elements, including stained glass window

*''Chinese/Japanese'': 荘子 ''(Zhuāngzǐ / Soushi)'' ...Meng, and as having served at some point as an official in the [[lacquer]] garden, though the details of this description, too, are quite vague. It remains u

*''Japanese'': 島原 ''(shimabara)'' ...ere arranged in such a way that they each provided a different view of the garden, without providing too much of a view into other clients' rooms. Upstairs,

*''Japanese'': 長府藩 ''(Choufu han)'' ...資料研究センター (2020), 110.; Google Maps.[https://www.google.com/maps/place/Mori+Garden/@35.660363,139.7301708,19z]</ref>

*''Japanese'': 鶴嶺神社 ''(Tsurugane jinja)'' ...[Shokoshuseikan|Shôkoshûseikan]] factory complex, and the [[Shimazu clan]] garden at [[Sengan'en]], in the Iso neighborhood of [[Kagoshima]], .

*''Japanese'': 黄梅院 ''(Oubaiin)'' A dry landscape (''[[kare sansui]]'') garden on the grounds known as Jikichû-tei is said to have been designed by Sen n

...thumb|500px|A scale model of the Asakura yakata, at the National Museum of Japanese History]] *''Japanese'': 一乗谷城 ''(Ichijoudani-jou)''

*''Japanese'': 一文字屋和輔 ''(Ichimonjiya wasuke)'' ...treet. Other seats can be found inside, or in the back, looking out over a garden said to have been designed in the 17th century by [[Kobori Enshu|Kobori Ens

*''Japanese'': 野口家住宅 ''(Noguchi-ke juutaku)'' ...''ma'' is the standard distance between supporting pillars in traditional Japanese architecture.</ref> wide, and the room contains a ''[[chigaidana]]'' shelf

*''Japanese'': [[識名]]園 ''(shikinaen)'' ...built to host welcoming receptions for [[Chinese investiture envoys]]. The garden, complete with a red-tile-roofed palace hall, a pond with a small island in

*''Japanese'': 琉球八景 ''(Ryuukyuu hakkei)'' *"Banana Garden at Chûtô" (中島蕉園, ''Chûtô shôen'') - [[Nakashima (Naha)|Nakashi

*''Japanese'': 本国寺, 本圀寺 ''(Honkoku-ji)'' ...n, at that time Honkoku-ji had a five-story pagoda with a metal tip, and a garden well-arranged with stones, and bamboo plants. According to a shogunate reco

*''Japanese'': 仁和寺 ''(Ninna-ji)'' ...se" (''wayô'') style of the [[Heian period]].<ref>The term ''wayô'' (lit. "Japanese style") was coined in the [[Kamakura period]] to refer to the architectural

* ''Japanese'': [[西郷]]従道 ''(Saigou Tsugumichi)'' Tsugumichi led a Japanese invasion of Formosa (Taiwan) in May, [[1874]] ([[Taiwan Expedition of 1874]

*''Japanese'': 物の哀れ ''(mono no aware)'' ...equently used to refer to a particular aesthetic, or aesthetic element, in Japanese traditional culture, particularly [[Nara period|Nara]] and [[Heian period]]

*''Japanese'': 電信機 ''(denshinki)'', 電報 ''(denpô)'' ...this was indeed the first-ever telegraph message in Japan, or the first on Japanese-made equipment, and whether it was using the machine gifted by Nabeshima or

*''Japanese'': 町屋、町家 ''(machiya)'' ...ya'' (lit. "townhouses") are perhaps the most standard form of traditional Japanese urban one-family dwellings. Developing into their mature form in the [[Edo

*''Japanese'': 建長寺 ''(kenchou-ji)'' ...ound it. Daolong would be the first to be named a Japanese Zen master by a Japanese Emperor.

*''Japanese'': 清見寺 ''(Seiken-ji; Kiyomi-dera)'' ...estored once again by [[Shogun]] [[Ashikaga Takauji]] in [[1342]], and its garden was officially named a "famous site" (''meishô''<ref>名勝</ref>) in the

*''Japanese'': 旅籠 ''(hatago)'', 旅籠屋 ''(hatagoya)'' ...building, from the ''genkan'' (entrance) through the kitchen and a pocket garden. A tatami-lined room behind the ''mise no ma'' but before the guest rooms w

*''Japanese'': 仲島 ''(Nakashima)'' ...hinese illustrated book, the scene is entitled ''Chûtô shôen'', or "Banana Garden at Chûtô (Nakashima)."

*''Japanese'': [[川村]] 修就 ''(Kawamura Nagataka)'' ...n [[Edo]], and originally inheriting his family post of ''niwaban'' (lit. "garden guard"), in which he traveled the realm compiling secret reports for the sh

*''Japanese'': 本居宣長 ''(Motoori Norinaga)'' ...the [[Edo period]], writing extensively on the essence of Japaneseness, or Japanese culture, and disparaging Chinese culture and influence.

*''Japanese'': 南禅寺 ''(Nanzenji)'' ...he ''[[shinden-zukuri]]'' architecture style, and faces the temple's front garden, said to have been designed by [[Kobori Enshu|Kobori Enshû]] around [[1600

* ''Japanese'': [[赤松]] 満祐 ''(Akamatsu Mitsusuke)'' ...ctory feast. Yoshinori agreed, and during a presentation of dancing in the garden a number of horses suddenly burst from their stables and caused great confu

*''Japanese'': 加賀江戸藩邸 ''(Kaga Edo hantei)'' ...ed by as many as 30,000 people.<ref>[[Albert M. Craig]], ''The Heritage of Japanese Civilization'', Second Edition, Prentice Hall (2011), 72.</ref> The space i

*''Japanese'': [[尚]] 順 ''(Shou Jun)'' ...ekijô'' theater, and a canning factory, and was a major figure in both the Japanese political and investment worlds of his time.

===[[Sino-Japanese War]]=== *1894/9/15 Japanese First Army (17,000 troops) attacks Pingyang.

*''Chinese/Japanese'': 承德 ''(Chéngdé)'' ...used by elite scholar-officials, while an area to the north, known as the Garden of Ten Thousand Trees, contained an area of prairie meant to reproduce the

*''Japanese'': 彦根城 ''(Hikone-jou)'' ...x. It was also known as the Rinchikaku ("Tower Next to the Pond"). Another garden in the compound, the Genkyû-en, was built by Ii Naooki in 1677, and was me

*''Japanese'': 尚古集成館 ''(Shou ko shuu sei kan)'' ...loyed over two thousand workers.<ref>[[Luke Roberts]], ''Mercantilism in a Japanese Domain: The Merchant Origins of Economic Nationalism in 18th-Century Tosa''

*''Japanese'': 永青文庫 ''(Eisei Bunko)'' ...rtion of the estate's gardens are maintained nearby as the [[Higo-Hosokawa Garden]]. The archive takes its name from the "ei" of Eigen-an, a [[tachu|branch t

*''Japanese'': 大名屋敷 ''(daimyou yashiki)'' ..., "Upper, Middle, and Lower Residences of Kaga Domain," National Museum of Japanese History.[https://www.flickr.com/photos/toranosuke/12591023803/sizes/h/]</re

*''Japanese'': 本[[阿弥]]光悦 ''(Hon'ami Kouetsu)'' ...tion and reconstruction of [[Honpo-ji|Honpô-ji]] temple. Kôetsu designed a garden for the temple, and it became the Hon'ami family temple, maintaining strong

*''Japanese'': 歌舞伎座 ''(kabuki-za)'' ...r Western-style building. The three-story interior is said to have been in Japanese design, constructed chiefly in [[cypress]], but with experimental touches i

*''Japanese'': 南洲墓地 ''(nanshuu bochi)'' ...died in the [[1877]] [[Satsuma Rebellion]] fighting against the [[Imperial Japanese Army]]. It is located on the former grounds of the Buddhist temple [[Jokomy

...ht|thumb|400px|The Tenshikan, as depicted in a 1788 handscroll painting by Japanese painter Yamaguchi Suiô]] *''Japanese'': 天使館 ''(Tenshikan)''

*''Japanese'': 金沢城 ''(Kanazawa-jou)'' ...ous gardens in Japan, lies adjacent to the castle. The streams feeding the garden also served the purpose of supplying the castle town with water, and the te

*''Japanese'': 方広寺 ''(houkouji)'' ...balls were seen in the skies over [[Edo]], and that one even landed in the garden of [[Matsudaira Sadanobu]].<ref name=shogun/> The temple was rebuilt in [[1

===[[1860 Japanese Embassy to the United States|First Japanese Embassy to the United States]]=== *1860/1/18 (Feb 9) The members of the first embassy to the US, 170 Japanese and some number of American escorts, depart Edo for Yokohama.

*''Japanese'': [[徳川]]吉宗 ''(Tokugawa Yoshimune)'' ...ôshin''), before withdrawing. Normally, this would have been done from the garden, but as it was raining that day, it was done from the corridor or veranda (

*''Japanese'': 金閣寺 ''(kinkaku-ji)'' ...l, and is intended to serve chiefly as a pavilion from which to admire the garden, though it does contain religious sculpture. The first floor, constructed i

*''Japanese:'' 二条城 ''(Nijou-jou)'' ...iro]]'' ("plains castle"), it is much more of a palace than other existing Japanese castles. Shortly after his victory over the forces of the West at the [[Bat

*''Japanese'': 丸山 ''(maruyama)'' ...e quarters were able to carry things between the foreign districts and the Japanese townsmen of Nagasaki, thus circumventing the shogunate's [[Nagasaki kaisho|

...g the gifts. The actual objects were sometimes displayed on the veranda or garden adjoining the audience hall, but were transported by castle staff, and were ...rough the lower level of the ''Ôhiroma'', directly to the south across the garden. After the performance, there was a ceremonial sharing of cups of saké, an

...en]] (Fuzhou Gardens) in [[Naha]], [[Okinawa]], a reproduction of a famous garden in Fuzhou]] *''Chinese/Japanese'': 福州 ''(Fúzhōu; Fukushuu)''

*''Japanese'': [[伊藤]] 若冲 ''(Itou Jakuchuu)'' ...the mid-[[Edo period]]. Though many of his paintings concern traditionally Japanese subjects, particularly chickens and other birds, his painting style and met

*''Chinese/Japanese'': 乾隆帝 ''(Qiánlóng dì / Kenryuu tei)'' ...ens]] in the style of [[Jiangnan|Southern China]].<ref>Chi Xiao, ''Chinese Garden as Lyric Enclave'', Center for Chinese Studies, Univ. of Michigan (2001), 7

* ''Japanese'': 浅野 長矩 ''(Asano Naganori)'' ...criminals and was further shown contempt by having to commit seppuku in a garden rather than in the grand chamber appropriate to his status as a daimyo.

*''Japanese'': 興福寺 ''(koufuku-ji)'' In the garden in front of the Ô-mi-dô is a grave mound for a boy who was stoned to deat

*''Japanese/Chinese'': 禅 ''(zen / chán)'', 禅宗 ''(zen shuu / chánzōng)'' ...enters with shoes on, and are often furnished with chairs, in contrast to Japanese temples of other sects, where one typically removes one's shoes before step

*''Japanese'': 古川古松軒 ''(Furukawa Koshouken)'' ...rally means "house of the old pine," from an old pine tree in his family's garden. In the autobiographical ''Koshôken zakki'', he characterizes himself as a

The first Japanese embassy to the [[United States]] took place in [[1860]]. The ambassadors tr The chief nominal purpose of this mission was to exchange the Japanese- and English-language versions of the [[Harris Treaty|Treaty of Amity and C

*''Japanese'': イギリス東インド会社 ''(Igirisu higashi indo kaisha)'' ...ike Lambs in Japan and Devils outside Their Land: Diplomacy, Violence, and Japanese Merchants in Southeast Asia,” ''Journal of World History'' 24:2 (2013), 3

*''Japanese'': 横浜 ''(Yokohama)'' ...s largest cities. Not counting Tokyo, Yokohama is generally considered the Japanese city with the most residents, and Osaka the most populous during the days,

*''Japanese'': 成田山新勝寺 ''(Narita-san Shinshou-ji)'' ...lly built in 1928, and considerably renovated in 1998, the park contains a garden in a distinctively early 20th century European style, with carefully arrang

*''Japanese'': [[今帰仁]]城, 今帰仁グスク ''(Nakijin-jou / Nakijin gusuku)'' ...e highest and innermost part of the complex, and was surrounded by a small garden with a spring. Three shrines (''[[utaki|uganju]]'') stood at the highest p

*''Japanese/Okinawan'': 組踊　''(kumi odori / kumi udui)'' ...2010.</ref> It can now be considered in a category with other traditional Japanese performing arts, including ''[[gagaku]]'', ''[[Noh]]'', ''[[bunraku]]'', an

...nces, University of Tsukuba (2003), 1-2.<br>Nicholas Fiévé and Paul Waley, Japanese capitals in historical perspective: place, power and memory in Kyoto, Edo a ...t gardens]] for himself within the Forbidden City.<ref>Chi Xiao, ''Chinese Garden as Lyric Enclave'', Center for Chinese Studies, Univ. of Michigan (2001), 7

*''Japanese'': 皇居 ''(koukyo)'' ...d of the nation to all those who saw it, including foreign dignitaries and Japanese officials and [[kazoku|nobility]]. In the petition, Kawaji also emphasizes

*''Japanese'': 伊勢音頭恋の寝刃 ''(Ise Ondo Koi no Netaba)'' Today, the Aburaya and Inner Courtyard/Garden scenes of Act III are most often performed, with the [[Futami-ga-Ura]] scen

*''Japanese'': 在番奉行 ''(zaiban bugyou)'' ...ô'' typically enjoyed a reception at [[Uchaya udun]] (the court's "eastern garden" detached palace) once during his term. Such receptions included lavish ban

*''Japanese'': 二川宿 ''(Futagawa-juku)'' ...agawa survives today as a local history museum. The building is 17 1/2 ''[[Japanese Measurements|ken]]'' wide, and covers a space of roughly 525 ''tsubo''.<ref

*Japanese: 京都 ''(Kyouto)'' ...oyang]], which is also called Rakuyô in Japanese.<ref>Rakuyô is simply the Japanese reading of the characters for Luoyang, 洛陽.</ref> This reference is seen

*''Japanese:''江戸城''(Edo-jou)'' ...''Edojô tôjô fûkei zu byôbu'', Ôsuga Kiyomitsu, 1847. [[National Museum of Japanese History]].]]

*''Japanese/Okinawan:''首里城''(Shuri-jou / Sui gusuku)'' ...ave uncovered foundation stones and the remains of grey, 14th-15th century Japanese-style roof tiles, suggesting that some structure of note did once exist on

...used at the time, in the Edo period, while ''tsûshinshi'' was used by the Japanese more commonly in the Muromachi period. See: Lillehoj. p107n3.</ref> *''Japanese/Korean'': （朝鮮）通信使 ''((Chousen) tsuushinshi / (Joseon) t'ongsi