- Born: 1773
- Died: 1841
- Reign: 1787-1837
- Other Names: 松平 豊千代 (Matsudaira Toyochiyo)
- Japanese: 徳川 家斉 (Tokugawa Ienari)
Tokugawa Ienari was the 11th Tokugawa shogun.
A son of Tokugawa Harunari (aka Harusada]], head of the Hitotsubashi branch family of the Tokugawa clan,[1] Ienari was adopted into the main shogunal Tokugawa lineage and became shogun after Tokugawa Ieharu's death in 1786. Ienari's formal accession ceremonies were held on 1787/4/15.
He married Shige-hime (aka Kôdai-in), a daughter of Shimazu Shigehide, in 1789. She gave birth to their first child, Atsunosuke, in 1797, but he died when he was only age 4.[2]
Ienari was named Dajô daijin on 1827/3/18.
Ienari had more than twenty children, many of whom were adopted into other families; Hachisuka Narihiro, Ienari's 22nd child, serves as just one example.[3] Ienari's daughter Yôhime married Maeda Nariyasu, lord of Kaga han.[4] Some of his other daughters included Mine-hime (b. 1800), Asahime, Fumihime, and Morihime.[5] At the time of his abdication on 1837/4/2, however, Ienari had only one living son who had not been adopted away: Tokugawa Ieyoshi, who thus succeeded him as shogun. The next two shoguns after Ieyoshi would be grandsons of Ienari: Ieyoshi's son Tokugawa Iesada, followed by Tokugawa Iemochi, a son of Ienari's son Tokugawa Nariyuki.
Following his death in 1841, Ienari was buried at the Tokugawa clan family temple of Kan'ei-ji. While a number of shogunal mausolea were lost in the bombings of Tokyo during World War II, his is among those which survive.
| Preceded by: Tokugawa Ieharu |
Tokugawa Shogun 1787-1837 |
Succeeded by: Tokugawa Ieyoshi |
References
- Evelyn Rawski, Early Modern China and Northeast Asia: Cross-Border Perspectives, Cambridge University Press (2015), 161.
- ↑ Gallery labels, "Flowering Plants of Summer and Autumn," Tokyo National Museum, 23 July 2010.
- ↑ "Kôdai-in." Nihon jinmei daijiten 日本人名大辞典. Kodansha, 2009.; Kaiyô kokka Satsuma 海洋国家薩摩, Kagoshima: Shôkoshûseikan (2010), 58-59.
- ↑ Mark Ravina, Land and Lordship in Early Modern Japan, Stanford University Press (1999), 192.
- ↑ Albert M. Craig, The Heritage of Japanese Civilization, Second Edition, Prentice Hall (2011), 78.; "Embroidered Costume on Pale Blue Crepe," Seisonkaku official website.
- ↑ Asao Naohiro (ed.), Fudai daimyô Ii ke no girei, Hikone Castle Museum (2004), 57.