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Hijikata Toshizo was born in a wealthy farmer family in Tama district, [[Musashi province|Musashi]].
Hijikata Toshizo was born in a wealthy farmer family in Tama district, [[Musashi province|Musashi]].
He practiced [[Kenjutsu]] in many dojo while he was working as a medicine peddler.
He practiced [[Kenjutsu]] in many dojo while he was working as a medicine peddler.
One day, Hijikata met [[Kondo Isami]] at [[Sato Hikogoro]]'s dojo and he became pupil of [[Tennen Rishin Ryu]]([[1851]]).
One day, Hijikata met [[Kondo Isami]] at [[Sato Hikogoro]]'s dojo and he became a pupil of [[Tennen Rishin Ryu]]([[1851]]).
His skill of the [[ryu-ha]] was just [[Mokuroku]], however his name
His skill of the [[ryu-ha]] was just [[Mokuroku]], however his name
was listed on [[Bujutsu Eimei Roku]] which means he was known as
was listed on [[Bujutsu Eimei Roku]] which means he was known as
==Shinsengumi==
==Shinsengumi==
Kondo Isami and Hijikata Toshizo ruled [[Shinsengumi]] completely after eliminating [[Serizawa Kamo]]'s Mito group.
Kondo Isami and Hijikata Toshizo ruled the [[Shinsengumi]] completely after eliminating [[Serizawa Kamo]]'s Mito group.
''Kyokuchu Hatto''(The Shinsengumi Regulations) is believed to be Hijikata's idea.
''Kyokuchu Hatto''(The Shinsengumi Regulations) is believed to be Hijikata's idea.
Many of Shinsengumi members lost their lives because of the strict regulations.
Many of Shinsengumi members lost their lives because of the strict regulations.
During the [[Ikedaya Affair]], Hijikata's troop arrived at Ikedaya later than Kondo's troop.
Hijikata first secured around Ikedaya to not let Aizu and Kuwana han samurai in.
Hijikata first secured around Ikedaya to not let Aizu and Kuwana han samurai in.
As the result, Shinsengumi received all the fame and prizes.
As the result, the Shinsengumi received all the fame and prizes.
==Boshin war==
==Boshin war==
Hijikata commanded Shinsengumi at the [[Battle of Toba-Fushimi]] , the [[Battle of Yodo-Senryomatsu]](1868 January) instead of wounded Kondo Isami.
Hijikata commanded the Shinsengumi at the [[Battle of Toba-Fushimi]] and the [[Battle of Yodo-Senryomatsu]](1868 January) instead of Kondo Isami, who was wounded at that time.
Shinsengumi lost many members at the battles.
The Shinsengumi lost many members in those battles.
Then Hijikata realized "The age of swords is over."
Then Hijikata realized "The age of swords is over."
When Kondo was captured at [[Nagareyama]],
When Kondo was captured at [[Nagareyama]], Hijikata went back to Edo, already occupied by the imperial army, to appeal to [[Katsu Kaishu]] for Kondo's life.
Hijikata went back to Edo where already occupied by the imperial army
to appeal [[Katsu Kaishu]] for Kondo's life.
Hijikata then headed to Utsunomiya with several Shinsengumi members
Hijikata then headed to Utsunomiya with several Shinsengumi members ([[Saito Hajime]] took most of the members to Aizu) , to join the [[Bakufu]] troops.
([[Saito Hajime]] took most of members to Aizu) , joined [[Bakufu]] troops.
He was injured his foot in April and sent to Aizu. But he was unable to
He injured his foot in April and was sent to Aizu. However he was unable to
come back to the front line until August.
come back to the front line until August.
Kondo's grave in Aizu was built during the time.
Kondo's grave in Aizu was built during the time.
==Hakodate==
==Hakodate==
Hijikata and Bakufu troops occupied [[Goryokaku]] in October, [[Matsumae castle]] in November.
Hijikata and Bakufu troops occupied [[Goryokaku]] in October and [[Matsumae castle]] in November.
They declared "Republic of Ezo" ([[Enomoto Takeaki]] as the president),
They announced the new "Republic of Ezo" ([[Enomoto Takeaki]] as the president) and Hijikata was appointed to be the ''[[Ezo]] Army [[Bugyo]] Nami''.
Hijikata was appointed to be the ''[[Ezo]] Army [[Bugyo]] Nami''.
[[1869]] March, they attacked [[Batlle of Miyako bay|Miyako bay]] to take over the battleship
[[1869]] March, they attacked [[Batlle of Miyako bay|Miyako bay]] to take over the battleship [[Kotetsu kan]], but failed.
[[Kotetsu kan]] but failed.
April, the Imperial troops started landing on Ezo.
In April, the Imperial troops started landing on Ezo.
Hijikata was guarding [[Battle of Futamataguchi|Futamataguchi]] but had to
Hijikata was guarding [[Battle of Futamataguchi|Futamataguchi]], but had to
return Goryokaku because the Imperial army was getting close to Goryokaku..
return Goryokaku because the Imperial army was getting close to Goryokaku..
May 11, Hijikata took small unit to save Shinsengumi in ''Benten Daiba'' where surrounded by the Imperial army.
May 11, Hijikata took a small unit to save the Shinsengumi in ''Benten Daiba'' where they were surrounded by the the Imperial army.
Hijikata was shot at Ippongi.
Hijikata was shot at Ippongi.
His body is believed to be buried in Goryokaku or Ganjo-ji.
His body is believed to be buried in Goryokaku or Ganjo-ji.
Two months after his death, his page [[Ichimura Tetsunosuke]] visited Sato Hikogoro's house and handed Hijikata's photograph, hair and death poem.
Sato Hikogoro's house and handed Hijikata's photograph, hair and death poem.
Hijikata's grave sites are
Hijikata's grave sites are