Difference between revisions of "Tokugawa Iemochi"
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In [[1862]], Iemochi and Princess [[Kazu-no-Miya]] (younger sister of [[Emperor Komei|Emperor Kômei]]) wedded in a magnificent ceremony, the most visible show of the ''kôbu gattai'' policy. | In [[1862]], Iemochi and Princess [[Kazu-no-Miya]] (younger sister of [[Emperor Komei|Emperor Kômei]]) wedded in a magnificent ceremony, the most visible show of the ''kôbu gattai'' policy. | ||
| − | The following year, in [[1863]], Iemochi visited [[Kyoto]] at the request (or demand) of the Imperial Court, the first visit by a shogun to the Imperial city since that of [[Tokugawa Iemitsu]] over two hundred years earlier. He | + | The following year, in [[1863]], Iemochi visited [[Kyoto]] at the request (or demand) of the Imperial Court, the first visit by a shogun to the Imperial city since that of [[Tokugawa Iemitsu]] over two hundred years earlier. He originally intended to travel by steamship, a notable break from precedent, but in the aftermath of the [[Namamugi Incident]], shogunate officials were concerned about the danger posed by the British Royal Navy, and so Iemochi traveled overland, accompanied by an entourage of some 3,000 men,<ref>"Gojôraku goyô kakari gubu oyakunin tsuke," gallery label, National Museum of Japanese History.[https://www.flickr.com/photos/toranosuke/16053429182/sizes/l]</ref> including the [[Roshigumi|Rôshigumi]] (the future [[Shinsengumi]]). This journey, along with the shogun's visits to the [[Koganehara]] hunting grounds, were depicted in popular [[printing and publishing|woodblock prints]] through a conceit, replacing Iemochi with [[Minamoto no Yoritomo]].<ref>[[Kurushima Hiroshi]], presentation at "[http://www.hawaii.edu/asiaref/japan/event2013/Index.htm#symposium Interpreting Parades and Processions of Edo Japan]" symposium, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 11 Feb 2013.</ref> The shogun did employ a steamship, however, on his return voyage to Edo.<ref>Oliver Statler, ''Japanese Inn'', University of Hawaii Press (1961), 268.</ref> |
In [[1866]], during the [[second Choshu expedition]], Iemochi died in [[Osaka castle]]. His body was returned to Edo by ship, much as he had come to Osaka to begin with.<ref>Kurushima Hiroshi, “Morisuna, makisuna, kazari teoke, hôki, kinsei ni okeru chisô no hitotsu toshite” 盛砂・蒔砂・飾り手桶・箒 : 近世における「馳走」の一つとして, ''Shigaku zasshi'' 95:8 (1986), 1351.</ref> His grave is at [[Zojo-ji|Zôjô-ji]], in Tokyo. | In [[1866]], during the [[second Choshu expedition]], Iemochi died in [[Osaka castle]]. His body was returned to Edo by ship, much as he had come to Osaka to begin with.<ref>Kurushima Hiroshi, “Morisuna, makisuna, kazari teoke, hôki, kinsei ni okeru chisô no hitotsu toshite” 盛砂・蒔砂・飾り手桶・箒 : 近世における「馳走」の一つとして, ''Shigaku zasshi'' 95:8 (1986), 1351.</ref> His grave is at [[Zojo-ji|Zôjô-ji]], in Tokyo. | ||
Revision as of 08:54, 28 December 2016
- Birth: 1846
- Death: 1866
- Titles: Jusanmi Sakonoe Chujo,Shonii Gondainagon, Naidaijin, Ukonoe Taisho, Seii Taishogun, Juichii, Udaijin, Zoshoichii Dajodaijin
- Childhood Names: 菊千代 (Kikuchiyo), 慶福 (Yoshitomi)
- Japanese: 徳川家茂 (Tokugawa Iemochi)
Tokugawa Iemochi was the 14th shogun of the Tokugawa shogunate.
He was born in the Kishû Tokugawa residence in Edo in 1846, and became the head of the Kishû Tokugawa clan at age four.
There was a faction that supported Tokugawa Yoshinobu as successor to the shogun Iesada, but when Iesada died in 1858, the 12-year-old Iemochi became the 14th Tokugawa Shogun by the recommendation of Ii Naosuke. This was during the Bakumatsu period, and the shogunate was facing both domestic troubles and foreign pressures. The shogunate pursued marriage between the Tokugawa line and the Imperial court, a policy known as kôbu gattai ("union of court and military"), in the hopes of appeasing the sonnô jôi ("Revere the Emperor, Expel the Barbarians") extremists.
In 1862, Iemochi and Princess Kazu-no-Miya (younger sister of Emperor Kômei) wedded in a magnificent ceremony, the most visible show of the kôbu gattai policy.
The following year, in 1863, Iemochi visited Kyoto at the request (or demand) of the Imperial Court, the first visit by a shogun to the Imperial city since that of Tokugawa Iemitsu over two hundred years earlier. He originally intended to travel by steamship, a notable break from precedent, but in the aftermath of the Namamugi Incident, shogunate officials were concerned about the danger posed by the British Royal Navy, and so Iemochi traveled overland, accompanied by an entourage of some 3,000 men,[1] including the Rôshigumi (the future Shinsengumi). This journey, along with the shogun's visits to the Koganehara hunting grounds, were depicted in popular woodblock prints through a conceit, replacing Iemochi with Minamoto no Yoritomo.[2] The shogun did employ a steamship, however, on his return voyage to Edo.[3]
In 1866, during the second Choshu expedition, Iemochi died in Osaka castle. His body was returned to Edo by ship, much as he had come to Osaka to begin with.[4] His grave is at Zôjô-ji, in Tokyo.
| Preceded by: Tokugawa Iesada |
Shogun 1858-1866 |
Succeeded by: Tokugawa Yoshinobu |
References
- Tokugawa Iemochi: The Life and Times of the 14th Shogun, Tokugawa Memorial Foundation, 2007.
- ↑ "Gojôraku goyô kakari gubu oyakunin tsuke," gallery label, National Museum of Japanese History.[1]
- ↑ Kurushima Hiroshi, presentation at "Interpreting Parades and Processions of Edo Japan" symposium, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 11 Feb 2013.
- ↑ Oliver Statler, Japanese Inn, University of Hawaii Press (1961), 268.
- ↑ Kurushima Hiroshi, “Morisuna, makisuna, kazari teoke, hôki, kinsei ni okeru chisô no hitotsu toshite” 盛砂・蒔砂・飾り手桶・箒 : 近世における「馳走」の一つとして, Shigaku zasshi 95:8 (1986), 1351.
