1635

Kan'ei 12 (寛永十二年)

Timeline of 1635

• 1635/1/9 The rôjû issue a letter to red seal ship traders warning them not to leave port.
• 1635/3/11 Yanagawa Affair: Shogun Tokugawa Iemitsu judges the allegations brought by Tsushima han karô Yanagawa Shigeoki against his daimyô Sô Yoshinari, regarding falsified diplomatic documents, in a grand court at the Ôhiroma of Edo castle.
• 1635/5/28 An edict is promulgated forbidding Japanese from traveling overseas, and from returning from overseas, marking the end of the red seal ships system.
• 1635/6/21 The Buke shohatto and shoshi shohatto are re-promulgated.
• 1635/11/9 Jisha bugyô (magistrates of temples & shrines) begin to be regularly appointed.

Other Events of 1635

• Chinese ships are limited to Nagasaki.
• Sankin kôtai obligations are made mandatory for all tozama daimyô.
• Fire destroys much of Kanazawa.
• The 1609 Kiyû Treaty between Korea and Tsushima han is revised.
• The term Nihon-koku taikun (or Great Prince of Japan) is coined and begins to be used to refer to the shogun, thus avoiding the political/diplomatic ramifications of allowing him to be called King of Japan (which would imply that, like the Kings of Korea and Ryukyu, he acknowledged and submitted himself to the higher authority of the Chinese Emperor).
• The kokudaka of the Kingdom of Ryûkyû is calculated at 90,883 koku.
• The shogunate more formally articulates the duties of machi bugyô, jisha bugyô, and kanjô bugyô (finance magistrates).

Births and Deaths

• Arashi San'emon is born (d. 1690).
• Kanô Sanraku dies (b. 1559).
• Sanada Nobutoshi is born (d. 1688).
• Sôma Yoshitane dies (b. 1548).
• Uji Kaganojô is born (d. 1711).

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1635

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