Difference between revisions of "I Kimitsune (13th)"
(Created page with "*''Other Names'': 伊集院 喜美恒 ''(Ijuuin Kimitsune)'' *''Japanese'': 伊 喜美恒 ''(I Kimitsune)'' I Kimitsune was an Amami Islands official who served...") |
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| + | [[File:I-kimitsune.jpg|right|thumb|400px|I Kimitsune (in indigo), as depicted in an 1839 painting of his audience with Lord of [[Satsuma han]] [[Shimazu Narioki]]]] | ||
| + | *''Born: c. [[1791]]'' | ||
| + | *''Died: [[1851]]'' | ||
*''Other Names'': [[伊集院]] 喜美恒 ''(Ijuuin Kimitsune)'' | *''Other Names'': [[伊集院]] 喜美恒 ''(Ijuuin Kimitsune)'' | ||
*''Japanese'': [[伊]] 喜美恒 ''(I Kimitsune)'' | *''Japanese'': [[伊]] 喜美恒 ''(I Kimitsune)'' | ||
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I Kimitsune was an [[Amami Islands]] official who served as ''[[yohito]]'' for at least two different areas on [[Amami Oshima|Amami Ôshima]] and made formal visits to [[Kagoshima castle]] on at least two occasions, in [[1838]] and [[1839]]. | I Kimitsune was an [[Amami Islands]] official who served as ''[[yohito]]'' for at least two different areas on [[Amami Oshima|Amami Ôshima]] and made formal visits to [[Kagoshima castle]] on at least two occasions, in [[1838]] and [[1839]]. | ||
| − | + | Adopted out of the [[Ijuin clan|Ijûin clan]] of [[Shimazu clan]] ''[[karo|karô]]'' (House Elders), he was originally known as Ijûin Kanesuke but changed it to I Kimitsune upon being adopted into the I family.<ref name=notes>Notes by Ijûin Kanehiro (n.d.), unpublished.</ref><ref name=box>Notes by Ijûin Kanehiro, inscribed on the inside of the storage box for the 1839 painting 「御慶事与人上国御目見之図」, owned by Ijûin Kanehiro.</ref> [[Satsuma han]] policy dictated that the family names of island elites (''shima shizoku'') could only be one ''[[kanji]]'' in length.<ref name=notes/> This policy helped construct or strengthen ideas of difference between islanders and "mainland" Japanese. | |
| − | == | + | ==Lineage== |
| − | Kimitsune is considered the 13th successive head of his lineage. His son and grandson (14th and 15th family heads, respectively) were also known as Kimitsune. A cemetery that includes their graves and those of several close relatives, located in the Tekebu area of Kasari Town on Amami Ôshima, has been officially designated as a historical site by Amami City. | + | Kimitsune is considered the 13th successive head of his lineage. His son and grandson (14th and 15th family heads, respectively) were also known as Kimitsune.<ref name=hayashi19>Hayashi Sokio 林蘇喜男, ''Yohito I Kimitsune ni tsuite'' 「与人・伊喜美恒について」, ''Heisei 14 nen Hayashi Sokio zassan 5'' 平成十四年 林蘇喜男雑纂 5 (2002), 19.</ref> A cemetery that includes their graves and those of several close relatives, located in the Tekebu area of Kasari Town on Amami Ôshima, has been officially designated as a historical site by Amami City.<ref>Plaques on-site, Tekebu I family cemetery (手花部の墓石（伊家の墓地）), Kasari, Amami Ôshima.</ref> |
| + | |||
| + | The I / Ijûin line claims descent from the earliest kings of Okinawa ([[Shunten]], [[Shunbajunki]], and [[Gihon]]), and through them to [[Minamoto no Tametomo]], who according to legend found his way to Okinawa after being exiled to [[Izu Oshima|Izu Ôshima]] in [[1165]] and, with the daughter of a local lord (''[[anji]]''), fathered Shunten. While traditional accounts on Okinawa say that Gihon died somewhere near the northern end of Okinawa Island after being driven out by [[Eiso]] (who seized power from him in a coup), local traditions in the Amami Islands allege that Gihon survived and fled to the Amamis; the I family connects to this later set of legends, claiming that one of Gihon's sons was a "prince" called Amami ufunushi (阿麻美大主, lit. "lord" or "great ruler" of Amami), and that one of his descendants some 250 years later was Kishitô ueekata 喜志統親方, who is counted as the first head of this Ijûin / I lineage. According to 18th family head Ijûin Kanehiro, in the early 18th century the [[Shimazu clan]] ordered the production of family genealogies (''keizu'') on several occasions, but then confiscated and withdrew the genealogies afterwards, refusing to recognize links to Ryukyuan royal lineages, and that it is for this reason that the details of those intervening 250 years have been lost.<ref name=notes-hayashi>Notes by Ijûin Kanehiro inserted into ''Heisei 14 nen Hayashi Sokio zassan 5'' 平成十四年 林蘇喜男雑纂 5 (2002).</ref> Most of the first ten heads of the family, like Kishitô, are known only by a Ryukyuan title such as ''ueekata'' or ''satunushi'', or by a simple given name such as Umuituku or Umuinabi - names commonly held by Ryukyuans as childhood names before coming to be known by a more distinct individual name in adulthood. | ||
A painting depicting Kimitsune's 1839 audience with [[Shimazu Narioki]] at Kagoshima castle, as well as other materials related to the family's history, remain in the possession today of the 18th head of the family, Ijûin Kanehiro (b. 1930). A reproduction of the painting is on permanent display at the Amami Museum in the Naze area of Amami Ôshima. | A painting depicting Kimitsune's 1839 audience with [[Shimazu Narioki]] at Kagoshima castle, as well as other materials related to the family's history, remain in the possession today of the 18th head of the family, Ijûin Kanehiro (b. 1930). A reproduction of the painting is on permanent display at the Amami Museum in the Naze area of Amami Ôshima. | ||
| − | Kimitsune was first cousins with [[Shimazu Hisataka|Shimazu Bungo Hisataka]], an influential ''[[karo|karô]]'' of the 1830s-50s. | + | Kimitsune was first cousins with [[Shimazu Hisataka|Shimazu Bungo Hisataka]], an influential ''[[karo|karô]]'' of the 1830s-50s. Kimitsune's mother, the eldest daughter of a member of the "main" Shimazu family lineage, had married into the Ijûin clan, while her younger sister married into the Shimazu Bungo lineage; Hisataka was a son of this younger sister.<ref name=notes/> |
| + | |||
| + | Kimitsune's descendant, Kanehiro (18th head of the family, b. 1930), reclaimed the surname Ijûin in 1955.<ref name=notes-hayashi/> | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===Heads of the I lineage<ref>From Hayashi, pp20, 26-27.</ref>=== | ||
| + | #Kishitô ueekata 喜志統 親方 | ||
| + | #Samatô ueekata 三摩統 親方 | ||
| + | #Umuituku satunushi 思徳 里主 | ||
| + | #Samatô satunushi 三摩統 里之子 | ||
| + | #Tarukane satunushi 垂金 里主 | ||
| + | #Okuchi (or Okitomo?) 奥智 | ||
| + | #Umuituku 思徳 | ||
| + | #Umuinabi 思鍋 | ||
| + | #Kiyose 喜世瀬 | ||
| + | #(name unclear) 男子 | ||
| + | #Kimihara (or Kimiharu or Kimibaru?) 喜美原 (d. [[1820]], age 90) | ||
| + | #Kimio 喜美雄 (d. [[1793]], age 25) | ||
| + | #'''Kimitsune''' 喜美恒 | ||
| + | #Kimitsune 喜美恒 (d. [[1854]], age 33) | ||
| + | #Kimitsune 喜美恒 | ||
| + | #Kanechika 兼親 | ||
| + | #Mitsuo 光雄 | ||
| + | #Kanehiro 兼宏 | ||
==Life & Career== | ==Life & Career== | ||
| + | Kimitsune, then serving as ''[[yohito]]'' for the Akakina area, was called up to Kagoshima castle along with Naze ''yohito'' Jinra<ref>甚良, reading uncertain.</ref> and others in 1838 in connection with poor [[sugar]] harvests and a lack of sufficient sugar and other goods to make the regular payments (offerings) to the Shimazu.<ref name=hayashi19/> | ||
| + | |||
| + | The following year, Kimitsune, now serving as ''yohito'' for the Naze area, traveled to Kagoshima again, where he was received in audience along with a number of other Amami Islands officials, in celebration of a joyous event for Shimazu Narioki, lord of Satsuma.<ref name=hayashi19/> | ||
| + | |||
| + | According to Kimitsune's descendant Ijûin Kanehiro, around this time the family had roughly 100 ''chô'' of farmland in the Tekebu area, and some 360 ''yanchu'' in their service. They owned more than thirty ''[[takakura]]'' grain storage structures. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Kimitsune died in [[1851]] at the age of 61.<ref>Hayashi, 21.</ref> | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==References== | ||
| + | <references/> | ||
[[Category:Samurai]] | [[Category:Samurai]] | ||
[[Category:Edo Period]] | [[Category:Edo Period]] | ||
[[Category:Ryukyu]] | [[Category:Ryukyu]] | ||
Latest revision as of 00:44, 22 July 2025
I Kimitsune was an Amami Islands official who served as yohito for at least two different areas on Amami Ôshima and made formal visits to Kagoshima castle on at least two occasions, in 1838 and 1839.
Adopted out of the Ijûin clan of Shimazu clan karô (House Elders), he was originally known as Ijûin Kanesuke but changed it to I Kimitsune upon being adopted into the I family.[1][2] Satsuma han policy dictated that the family names of island elites (shima shizoku) could only be one kanji in length.[1] This policy helped construct or strengthen ideas of difference between islanders and "mainland" Japanese.
Lineage
Kimitsune is considered the 13th successive head of his lineage. His son and grandson (14th and 15th family heads, respectively) were also known as Kimitsune.[3] A cemetery that includes their graves and those of several close relatives, located in the Tekebu area of Kasari Town on Amami Ôshima, has been officially designated as a historical site by Amami City.[4]
The I / Ijûin line claims descent from the earliest kings of Okinawa (Shunten, Shunbajunki, and Gihon), and through them to Minamoto no Tametomo, who according to legend found his way to Okinawa after being exiled to Izu Ôshima in 1165 and, with the daughter of a local lord (anji), fathered Shunten. While traditional accounts on Okinawa say that Gihon died somewhere near the northern end of Okinawa Island after being driven out by Eiso (who seized power from him in a coup), local traditions in the Amami Islands allege that Gihon survived and fled to the Amamis; the I family connects to this later set of legends, claiming that one of Gihon's sons was a "prince" called Amami ufunushi (阿麻美大主, lit. "lord" or "great ruler" of Amami), and that one of his descendants some 250 years later was Kishitô ueekata 喜志統親方, who is counted as the first head of this Ijûin / I lineage. According to 18th family head Ijûin Kanehiro, in the early 18th century the Shimazu clan ordered the production of family genealogies (keizu) on several occasions, but then confiscated and withdrew the genealogies afterwards, refusing to recognize links to Ryukyuan royal lineages, and that it is for this reason that the details of those intervening 250 years have been lost.[5] Most of the first ten heads of the family, like Kishitô, are known only by a Ryukyuan title such as ueekata or satunushi, or by a simple given name such as Umuituku or Umuinabi - names commonly held by Ryukyuans as childhood names before coming to be known by a more distinct individual name in adulthood.
A painting depicting Kimitsune's 1839 audience with Shimazu Narioki at Kagoshima castle, as well as other materials related to the family's history, remain in the possession today of the 18th head of the family, Ijûin Kanehiro (b. 1930). A reproduction of the painting is on permanent display at the Amami Museum in the Naze area of Amami Ôshima.
Kimitsune was first cousins with Shimazu Bungo Hisataka, an influential karô of the 1830s-50s. Kimitsune's mother, the eldest daughter of a member of the "main" Shimazu family lineage, had married into the Ijûin clan, while her younger sister married into the Shimazu Bungo lineage; Hisataka was a son of this younger sister.[1]
Kimitsune's descendant, Kanehiro (18th head of the family, b. 1930), reclaimed the surname Ijûin in 1955.[5]
Heads of the I lineage[6]
- Kishitô ueekata 喜志統 親方
- Samatô ueekata 三摩統 親方
- Umuituku satunushi 思徳 里主
- Samatô satunushi 三摩統 里之子
- Tarukane satunushi 垂金 里主
- Okuchi (or Okitomo?) 奥智
- Umuituku 思徳
- Umuinabi 思鍋
- Kiyose 喜世瀬
- (name unclear) 男子
- Kimihara (or Kimiharu or Kimibaru?) 喜美原 (d. 1820, age 90)
- Kimio 喜美雄 (d. 1793, age 25)
- Kimitsune 喜美恒
- Kimitsune 喜美恒 (d. 1854, age 33)
- Kimitsune 喜美恒
- Kanechika 兼親
- Mitsuo 光雄
- Kanehiro 兼宏
Life & Career
Kimitsune, then serving as yohito for the Akakina area, was called up to Kagoshima castle along with Naze yohito Jinra[7] and others in 1838 in connection with poor sugar harvests and a lack of sufficient sugar and other goods to make the regular payments (offerings) to the Shimazu.[3]
The following year, Kimitsune, now serving as yohito for the Naze area, traveled to Kagoshima again, where he was received in audience along with a number of other Amami Islands officials, in celebration of a joyous event for Shimazu Narioki, lord of Satsuma.[3]
According to Kimitsune's descendant Ijûin Kanehiro, around this time the family had roughly 100 chô of farmland in the Tekebu area, and some 360 yanchu in their service. They owned more than thirty takakura grain storage structures.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Notes by Ijûin Kanehiro (n.d.), unpublished.
- ↑ Notes by Ijûin Kanehiro, inscribed on the inside of the storage box for the 1839 painting 「御慶事与人上国御目見之図」, owned by Ijûin Kanehiro.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Hayashi Sokio 林蘇喜男, Yohito I Kimitsune ni tsuite 「与人・伊喜美恒について」, Heisei 14 nen Hayashi Sokio zassan 5 平成十四年 林蘇喜男雑纂 5 (2002), 19.
- ↑ Plaques on-site, Tekebu I family cemetery (手花部の墓石（伊家の墓地）), Kasari, Amami Ôshima.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Notes by Ijûin Kanehiro inserted into Heisei 14 nen Hayashi Sokio zassan 5 平成十四年 林蘇喜男雑纂 5 (2002).
- ↑ From Hayashi, pp20, 26-27.
- ↑ 甚良, reading uncertain.
- ↑ Hayashi, 21.