- Date: 756
- Japanese: 正倉院 (shousouin)
The Shôsôin is an Imperial repository located at Tôdai-ji in Nara. Constructed by Empress Kôken during the Nara period, it is not only an exceptional example of 8th century azekura storehouse architecture, but contains more than 9,000 items from the period, including textiles, musical instruments, aromatic woods, pieces of glass, and game boards, many of them of Silk Road origins and bearing Persian design elements or evidence of Roman manufacture.
The storehouse is 33 meters long by 9.4 meters deep. It stands 2.7 meters above the ground, 14 meters high in total.[1]
History
The Shôsôin was established in 756 to house a collection of treasures belonging to the late Emperor Shômu, who had died 49 days earlier.
Though associated directly with Tôdai-ji for over a millennium, the storehouse was placed under the authority of the Ministry of the Interior (Naimushô) in 1875, and in 1884 under that of the Imperial Household Ministry. The Imperial Household Agency (Kunaichô) continues to oversee the site and its collection today.
The objects were never publicly shown before 1947, when art historian Sherman Lee conducted a survey of the collection and convinced the Japanese government to allow such an exhibition. Objects from the Shôsôin have been shown annually ever since, and at least since the 1990s, this exhibition, held at the Nara National Museum, has been the most-attended exhibition in Japan, and frequently among the top ten in the world.[2]
Today, the Shôsôin collection is stored in two modern storage facilities constructed in 1953 and 1962. The original wooden building was designated a World Heritage Site in 1998, as one of the "Historic Monuments of Ancient Nara."
Selected Objects in the Shôsôin Collection
- Brush, ink stick, and blue silk cord used in the 752 eye-opening ceremony of the Great Buddha at Tôdai-ji
- Ranjatai, a large and famous piece of incense wood, today about five feet in length, and weighing roughly 25 pounds. The Court granted permission for pieces to be cut off by Ashikaga Yoshimasa in 1465 and by Oda Nobunaga in 1574. Nobunaga then gave portions of what he had taken to Sen no Rikyû and Tsuda Sôgyû as gifts.[3]
References
- "The Shosoin Repository," Imperial Household Agency website.
- ↑ Gallery labels, National Museum of Japanese History.[1]
- ↑ Rihoko Ueno, "Monuments Men in Japan: Discoveries in the George Leslie Stout papers," Archives of American Art Blog, 29 Oct 2012.; Edan Corkill, "Hiding in Japan are the world’s best attended exhibitions," Japan Times, 24 Apr 2008.
- ↑ Morgan Pitelka, Spectacular Accumulation, University of Hawaii Press (2016), 45-46, 183n14.