Difference between revisions of "Maruyama Okyo"
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*''Born: [[1733]]'' | *''Born: [[1733]]'' | ||
*''Died: [[1795]]'' | *''Died: [[1795]]'' | ||
| − | *''Japanese'': | + | *''Japanese'': [[円山]]応挙 ''(Maruyama Oukyo)'' |
Maruyama Ôkyo was the founder of the [[Maruyama-Shijo school|Maruyama-Shijô school]] of Japanese painting, and the leading artist in mid-to-late 18th century Kyoto. He is particularly known for his monochrome ink paintings of traditional subjects - such as tiger and dragon - incorporating Western painting techniques such as shading and linear perspective<ref name=tigerdragon>Morse, Anne Nishimura et al. ''MFA Highlights: Arts of Japan''. Boston: Museum of Fine Arts, 2008. p153.</ref>, creating works which were quite innovative for their time but still look wholly Japanese traditional to the modern eye. | Maruyama Ôkyo was the founder of the [[Maruyama-Shijo school|Maruyama-Shijô school]] of Japanese painting, and the leading artist in mid-to-late 18th century Kyoto. He is particularly known for his monochrome ink paintings of traditional subjects - such as tiger and dragon - incorporating Western painting techniques such as shading and linear perspective<ref name=tigerdragon>Morse, Anne Nishimura et al. ''MFA Highlights: Arts of Japan''. Boston: Museum of Fine Arts, 2008. p153.</ref>, creating works which were quite innovative for their time but still look wholly Japanese traditional to the modern eye. | ||
Revision as of 06:00, 8 March 2010
Maruyama Ôkyo was the founder of the Maruyama-Shijô school of Japanese painting, and the leading artist in mid-to-late 18th century Kyoto. He is particularly known for his monochrome ink paintings of traditional subjects - such as tiger and dragon - incorporating Western painting techniques such as shading and linear perspective[1], creating works which were quite innovative for their time but still look wholly Japanese traditional to the modern eye.
Life and career
The son of a farmer, Ôkyo journeyed to Kyoto as a youth and became chônin (a townsman). In his teens, he worked at a toy shop, where he worked painting dolls' faces, and produced a number of uki-e, woodblock prints highlighting Western-style linear perspective, including pieces called megane-e, intended to be viewed through a stereoscope[2].
He learned something of Western techniques by studying imported Western paintings, and used these techniques to revitalize traditional subjects while displaying a masterful command of brush and ink. In 1775, he was listed first among all painters in Kyoto, in a guide to notable people in the city[1].
He was succeeded by his pupil Maruyama Goshun, who established a studio on Shijô-dôri, from which the name of the Maruyama-Shijô school is derived. Some of Ôkyo's other students, such as Nagasawa Rosetsu, went on to work as Eccentric painters, independently of any school.
