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The ''Gosanke'', or "[Honorable] Three Houses," were the three senior collateral houses, or branch families, of the lineage of the [[Tokugawa shogunate|Tokugawa shoguns]]. The ''daimyô'' of [[Mito han|Mito]], [[Wakayama han|Wakayama]], and [[Owari han|Owari domains]], the [[Mito Tokugawa clan|Mito]], [[Kii Tokugawa clan|Kii/Kishû]], and [[Owari Tokugawa clan]]s were, along with the shogun's own lineage, and the ''[[Gosankyo|Gosankyô]]'' (junior collateral houses), the only families from which a shogunal successor might be chosen. The ''Gosanke'' also enjoyed the special privilege of advising the shogun directly in cases of emergency, but otherwise were ineligible, as were the ''Gosankyô'', to serve in the most powerful advisory & decision-making positions in the shogunate, such as the position of ''[[roju|rôjû]]''.

The ''Gosanke'', or "[Honorable] Three Houses," were the three senior collateral houses, or branch families, of the lineage of the [[Tokugawa shogunate|Tokugawa shoguns]]. The ''daimyô'' of [[Mito han|Mito]], [[Wakayama han|Wakayama]], and [[Owari han|Owari domains]], the [[Mito Tokugawa clan|Mito]], [[Kii Tokugawa clan|Kii/Kishû]], and [[Owari Tokugawa clan]]s were, along with the shogun's own lineage, and the ''[[Gosankyo|Gosankyô]]'' (junior collateral houses), the only families from which a shogunal successor might be chosen. The ''Gosanke'' also enjoyed the special privilege of advising the shogun directly in cases of emergency, but otherwise were ineligible, as were the ''Gosankyô'', to serve in the most powerful advisory & decision-making positions in the shogunate, such as the position of ''[[roju|rôjû]]''.

The Owari, Kii, and Mito branches each traced their descent, respectively, from [[Tokugawa Ieyasu|Tokugawa Ieyasu's]] 7th son [[Tokugawa Yoshinao]], 8th son [[Tokugawa Yorinobu]], and 9th son [[Tokugawa Yorifusa]].<ref>[[Arai Hakuseki]], Joyce Ackroyd (trans.), ''Told Round a Brushwood Fire'', University of Tokyo Press (1979), 288n10.</ref>

The Owari, Kii, and Mito branches each traced their descent, respectively, from [[Tokugawa Ieyasu|Tokugawa Ieyasu's]] 9th son [[Tokugawa Yoshinao]], 10th son [[Tokugawa Yorinobu]], and 11th son [[Tokugawa Yorifusa]].<ref>[[Arai Hakuseki]], Joyce Ackroyd (trans.), ''Told Round a Brushwood Fire'', University of Tokyo Press (1979), 288n10.; plaques at former site of Kishû Tokugawa mansion in Edo (Tokyo).[https://www.flickr.com/photos/toranosuke/29623611121/sizes/o/]</ref>

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