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*''Japanese'': 平戸 ''(Hirado)''
Hirado is a port city in [[Nagasaki prefecture]], which served as one of the chief centers of Chinese and European commercial activity in Japan in the late 16th to early 17th centuries, and was the location of [[Hirado castle]], seat of the [[Matsuura clan]] lords of [[Hirado han]].
==History==
Hirado was a prominent port since at least the late 13th century, when a detachment of samurai were sent specifically to defend the port from potential [[Mongol invasions|Mongol attacks]].
Following a year in [[Kagoshima]], [[Francis Xavier]] relocated to Hirado in [[1550]], before moving on to [[Nagato province|Chôshû]]. The first Spanish ships arrived at Hirado in [[1584]]. The [[VOC|Dutch]] first came in [[1609]], establishing their own factory there that year, followed by the [[English East India Company]] in [[1613]]. Chinese and European trading ships were restricted in [[1616]] to calling only at Hirado and [[Nagasaki]], and the British factory closed in [[1623]] after only ten years of operation, crowded out by their competitors.
Meanwhile, the Chinese continued to far outnumber the Europeans, as they did at ports throughout the region; Dutch records show that thirty Chinese ships called at Hirado in [[1612]], sixty or seventy in [[1614]], and seventy or eighty in [[1631]].<ref>[[Marius Jansen]], ''China in the Tokugawa World'', Harvard University Press (1992), 26.</ref> The Chinese community at Hirado was somewhat self-governing, headed by ''[[shuinsen]]'' merchant [[Li Dan]] at the beginning of the 17th century; after Li's death in [[1625]], [[Zheng Zhilong]] took over his position.
As the Iberians were banned from Japan in the 1630s, the Dutch were restricted to Hirado in [[1639]], before being removed to Nagasaki shortly afterwards and restricted to [[Dejima]] in [[1641]].
{{stub}}
==References==
<references/>
[[Category:Cities and Towns]]
[[Category:Sengoku Period]]
[[Category:Edo Period]]
Hirado is a port city in [[Nagasaki prefecture]], which served as one of the chief centers of Chinese and European commercial activity in Japan in the late 16th to early 17th centuries, and was the location of [[Hirado castle]], seat of the [[Matsuura clan]] lords of [[Hirado han]].
==History==
Hirado was a prominent port since at least the late 13th century, when a detachment of samurai were sent specifically to defend the port from potential [[Mongol invasions|Mongol attacks]].
Following a year in [[Kagoshima]], [[Francis Xavier]] relocated to Hirado in [[1550]], before moving on to [[Nagato province|Chôshû]]. The first Spanish ships arrived at Hirado in [[1584]]. The [[VOC|Dutch]] first came in [[1609]], establishing their own factory there that year, followed by the [[English East India Company]] in [[1613]]. Chinese and European trading ships were restricted in [[1616]] to calling only at Hirado and [[Nagasaki]], and the British factory closed in [[1623]] after only ten years of operation, crowded out by their competitors.
Meanwhile, the Chinese continued to far outnumber the Europeans, as they did at ports throughout the region; Dutch records show that thirty Chinese ships called at Hirado in [[1612]], sixty or seventy in [[1614]], and seventy or eighty in [[1631]].<ref>[[Marius Jansen]], ''China in the Tokugawa World'', Harvard University Press (1992), 26.</ref> The Chinese community at Hirado was somewhat self-governing, headed by ''[[shuinsen]]'' merchant [[Li Dan]] at the beginning of the 17th century; after Li's death in [[1625]], [[Zheng Zhilong]] took over his position.
As the Iberians were banned from Japan in the 1630s, the Dutch were restricted to Hirado in [[1639]], before being removed to Nagasaki shortly afterwards and restricted to [[Dejima]] in [[1641]].
{{stub}}
==References==
<references/>
[[Category:Cities and Towns]]
[[Category:Sengoku Period]]
[[Category:Edo Period]]
