Changes

Once the Korean envoys arrived at [[Edo castle|the shogun's castle]], before they entered the audience chamber (''Ôhiroma''), the shogun and a number of his officials and retainers arranged themselves within the chamber. A record from 1719 indicates that at that time, the shogun, ''[[tairo|tairô]]'', two protocol officers, and a retinue carrying their swords, arranged themselves in the upper ''dan'', or dais, of the three in the chamber,<ref>The ''Ôhiroma'' at Edo castle contained three daises, or ''dan'', of differing heights, placing the shogun physically, literally, above those to whom he granted an audience.</ref> and were mostly concealed with blinds (only the middle blind was raised); only the [[Kishu Tokugawa clan|Kii]] and [[Mito Tokugawa clan|Mito]] lords (members of the ''[[Gosanke]]'', holding the name [[Tokugawa clan|Tokugawa]]) sat in the middle ''dan'', while a variety of ''daimyô'' and other retainers sat in the lower ''dan''; the figures seated in the upper ''dan'' were not at all visible from the lower ''dan''.

Once the Korean envoys arrived at [[Edo castle|the shogun's castle]], before they entered the audience chamber (''Ôhiroma''), the shogun and a number of his officials and retainers arranged themselves within the chamber. A record from 1719 indicates that at that time, the shogun, ''[[tairo|tairô]]'', two protocol officers, and a retinue carrying their swords, arranged themselves in the upper ''dan'', or dais, of the three in the chamber,<ref>The ''Ôhiroma'' at Edo castle contained three daises, or ''dan'', of differing heights, placing the shogun physically, literally, above those to whom he granted an audience.</ref> and were mostly concealed with blinds (only the middle blind was raised); only the [[Kishu Tokugawa clan|Kii]] and [[Mito Tokugawa clan|Mito]] lords (members of the ''[[Gosanke]]'', holding the name [[Tokugawa clan|Tokugawa]]) sat in the middle ''dan'', while a variety of ''daimyô'' and other retainers sat in the lower ''dan''; the figures seated in the upper ''dan'' were not at all visible from the lower ''dan''.

The Korean envoys would then pass through the several anterooms, each also filled with ''daimyô'' and other retainers, and made their way to a wooden veranda outside of the audience chamber. They remained there while their formal missive from the king of Korea was passed forward, eventually being placed on the [[tatami]] just below the upper ''dan''. The Korean envoys bowed and withdrew, and then the master of ceremonies moved the letter to a small alcove behind the shogun's seat. The leaders of the Korean mission (Lead Envoy, Vice Envoy, and Secretary<ref>J: ''seishi'', ''fukushi'', ''shokanshi''</ref>) then approached, one at a time, in order of their status, coming as far as the second tatami mat below the edge of the middle ''dan'' (i.e. sitting in the lower ''dan''), and paid their formal respects, before withdrawing once again.

The Korean envoys would then pass through the several anterooms, each also filled with ''daimyô'' and other retainers, and made their way to a wooden veranda outside of the audience chamber. They remained there while their formal missive from the king of Korea was passed forward, eventually being placed on the [[tatami]] just below the upper ''dan''. The Korean envoys bowed and withdrew, and then the master of ceremonies moved the letter to a small alcove behind the shogun's seat. The leaders of the Korean mission (Lead Envoy, Vice Envoy, and Secretary<ref>J: ''seishi'' 正使, ''fukushi'' 副使, ''shokanshi'' 書簡使</ref>) then approached, one at a time, in order of their status, coming as far as the second tatami mat below the edge of the middle ''dan'' (i.e. sitting in the lower ''dan''), and paid their formal respects, before withdrawing once again.

Finally, the formal gifts offered by the envoys to the shogun were arranged for display in the garden, and the blinds separating the three ''dan'' were lowered; when the envoys returned to the audience chamber, two layers of blinds would separate them from the shogun. The three leaders of the mission ventured into the ''ôhiroma'', and withdrew, three more times: first, to offer personal greetings, then to partake of a drink, and finally to partake of some food. The Lead Envoy alone was permitted to advance to the middle ''dan'' for the drink of [[sake|saké]], but only at that time.

Finally, the formal gifts offered by the envoys to the shogun were arranged for display in the garden, and the blinds separating the three ''dan'' were lowered; when the envoys returned to the audience chamber, two layers of blinds would separate them from the shogun. The three leaders of the mission ventured into the ''ôhiroma'', and withdrew, three more times: first, to offer personal greetings, then to partake of a drink, and finally to partake of some food. The Lead Envoy alone was permitted to advance to the middle ''dan'' for the drink of [[sake|saké]], but only at that time.

==Timeline of Missions==

==Timeline of Missions==