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Jump to navigationJump to searchCreated page with "*''Born: 1876'' *''Died: 1955'' *''Japanese'': 北澤楽天 ''(Kitazawa Rakuten)'' Kitazawa Rakuten was a Nihonga painter and manga artist, who is often identified as..."
*''Born: [[1876]]''
*''Died: 1955''
*''Japanese'': 北澤楽天 ''(Kitazawa Rakuten)''
Kitazawa Rakuten was a [[Nihonga]] painter and manga artist, who is often identified as the first professional manga artist in Japan, and is credited with coining the modern meaning or usage of the term "manga."
He is said to have employed the term "manga" not so much in order to harken back to the early 19th century use of the term (see [[Hokusai manga]]), but, rather, to distance his own work from that of ''ponchi-e'' ("Punch pictures"), the sort of political cartoons and caricatures popularized by the heavily Western-influenced magazine/newspaper ''[[Japan Punch]]'', published in [[Yokohama]] beginning in [[1867]].
Kitazawa's early cartoons appeared in a newspaper called ''Jiji shinpô'' ("Current Affairs News"), founded by [[Fukuzawa Yukichi]] and published from [[1882]] until 1936. Kitazawa took over the cartooning reins for ''Jiji shinpô'' when the previous cartoonist, Fukuzawa's nephew [[Imaizumi Ippyo|Imaizumi Ippyô]], fell ill, in the late 1890s. Kitazawa was then granted his own section, ''Jiji manga'', in [[1902]]. Interestingly, despite being identified as the pioneer of modern manga, Kitazawa's "manga" were set apart from other sorts of political cartoons or caricatures not by including more text, or narrative, but actually by minimizing the text and emphasizing the images. This "modern" form of "manga" is said to have been influenced, in part, by the importation of Western concepts of "literature" and "[fine] art" as separate and distinct spheres.
Taking his own cues not from the London-based ''Punch'', but rather from the New York-based magazine ''Puck'', Kitazawa launched the magazine ''[[Tokyo Puck]]'' in [[1905]] and remained its chief editor until [[1912]] (the magazine continued to be published until 1941). ''Jiji manga'' grew into a full-color Sunday supplement in the 1920s, and it was at that time that the term "manga" came into more widespread usage.
==References==
*Jacqueline Berndt, “Manga and ‘Manga’: Contemporary Japanese Comics and their Dis/similarities with Hokusai Manga,” in ''Manggha'', Krakow: Japanese Art and Technology Center (2008).
[[Category:Meiji Period]]
[[Category:Artists and Artisans]]
*''Died: 1955''
*''Japanese'': 北澤楽天 ''(Kitazawa Rakuten)''
Kitazawa Rakuten was a [[Nihonga]] painter and manga artist, who is often identified as the first professional manga artist in Japan, and is credited with coining the modern meaning or usage of the term "manga."
He is said to have employed the term "manga" not so much in order to harken back to the early 19th century use of the term (see [[Hokusai manga]]), but, rather, to distance his own work from that of ''ponchi-e'' ("Punch pictures"), the sort of political cartoons and caricatures popularized by the heavily Western-influenced magazine/newspaper ''[[Japan Punch]]'', published in [[Yokohama]] beginning in [[1867]].
Kitazawa's early cartoons appeared in a newspaper called ''Jiji shinpô'' ("Current Affairs News"), founded by [[Fukuzawa Yukichi]] and published from [[1882]] until 1936. Kitazawa took over the cartooning reins for ''Jiji shinpô'' when the previous cartoonist, Fukuzawa's nephew [[Imaizumi Ippyo|Imaizumi Ippyô]], fell ill, in the late 1890s. Kitazawa was then granted his own section, ''Jiji manga'', in [[1902]]. Interestingly, despite being identified as the pioneer of modern manga, Kitazawa's "manga" were set apart from other sorts of political cartoons or caricatures not by including more text, or narrative, but actually by minimizing the text and emphasizing the images. This "modern" form of "manga" is said to have been influenced, in part, by the importation of Western concepts of "literature" and "[fine] art" as separate and distinct spheres.
Taking his own cues not from the London-based ''Punch'', but rather from the New York-based magazine ''Puck'', Kitazawa launched the magazine ''[[Tokyo Puck]]'' in [[1905]] and remained its chief editor until [[1912]] (the magazine continued to be published until 1941). ''Jiji manga'' grew into a full-color Sunday supplement in the 1920s, and it was at that time that the term "manga" came into more widespread usage.
==References==
*Jacqueline Berndt, “Manga and ‘Manga’: Contemporary Japanese Comics and their Dis/similarities with Hokusai Manga,” in ''Manggha'', Krakow: Japanese Art and Technology Center (2008).
[[Category:Meiji Period]]
[[Category:Artists and Artisans]]
