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Nobutora was the eldest son of [[Takeda Nobutsuna]], the lord of [[Kai Province]]. His mother was from the [[Iwashita clan|Iwashita]] family. Nobutsuna died in [[1507]] and Nobutora duly succeeded him, only to suffer the revolt of his uncle, [[Takeda Nobue|Nobue]].  Nobutora put the rebellion down in [[1512]] and brought all of Kai under his effective control by [[1519]]. In that year, having gained the support of such Kai notables as the [[Anayama clan|Anayama]] and [[Oyamada clan|Oyamada]], Nobutora built a castle he named [[Yogai castle|Yogai]] on [[Maruyama]] near [[Fuchu]]. Fuchu, better known as [[Kofu]], would remain the center of the Takeda clan for the next sixty years. He fought a series of battles defending Kai's borders, defeating [[Fukushima Masashige]] in [[1521]] and [[Hojo Ujitsuna|Hôjô Ujitsuna]] in [[1526]]. He clashed with his rival [[Hiraga Genshin]] in [[1536]], and captured [[Un no kuchi]] thanks, reportedly, to the efforts of his eldest son [[Takeda Shingen|Harunobu]].

Nobutora was the eldest son of [[Takeda Nobutsuna]], the lord of [[Kai Province]]. His mother was from the [[Iwashita clan|Iwashita]] family. Nobutsuna, lord since 1491, died of illness in [[1507]] and Nobutora duly succeeded him at a time when the Takeda, and Kai itself, was politically fractured.  He was known at this time as Nobunao.  His uncle [[Takeda Nobue|Nobue]] challenged Nobutora's authority and fighting broke out between their two factions.  Nobutora attacked Nobue and his supporters the following year ([[1508]]) and in the course of the fighting Nobue and his his ally, [[Oyamada Nobutaka]], were killed. However, other important families within Kai, including the [[Oi family|Ôi]] and [[Oyamada family|Oyamada]], now led by [[Oyamada Nobuari]], continued to oppose him.  Nobutora forced the submission of the Oyamada in 1510 and the following year married a daughter to Nobuari.  However, the Ôi of southern Kai were supported by the [[Imagawa clan|Imagawa]] family of [[Suruga province|Suruga]] and proved more formidable.  In 1517, however, [[Imagawa Ujichika]] withdrew his troops from Kai and [[Oi Nobutatsu|Ôi Nobutatsu]] was compelled to come to terms with Nobutora. Nobutora married Nobutatu's daughter and this union would produce four of Nobutora's sons: Harunobu (Shingen), Nobushige, Nobutomo, and Nobukado.  In 1530 he was to take the widow of [[Uesugi Norifusa]] as a concubine.  Additionally, he was to maintain concubines from the Imai, Kudo, Kusuura, and Matsuo families.

In 1519 Nobutora established the center of the Takeda clan at [[Tsutsugigaseki]] [躑躅ヶ崎館] in Fuchu.  This moated mansion complex would remain the center of the Takeda clan for the next sixty years, until [[Takeda Katsuyori]] moved the family to Nirayama.  In [[1521]], Ôi Nobutatsu again defied his authority and war broke out. Imagawa Ujichika came to Nobutatsu's support once more and ordered his retainer [[Kushima Masashige]] to launch an attack into Kai.  Nobutora defeated Masashige at Iidagawara and afterwards Nobutatsu submitted, retired and became a monk.  Around this time Nobutora's eldest son, the future Shingen, was born.

The following year made peace with the [[Suwa clan]] by marrying his third daugther [[ Nene (b.1528)|Nene]] to [[Suwa Yorishige]], and married his oldest daughter, [[Jokei-In|Jôkei-In]], to [[Imagawa Yoshimoto]] of [[Suruga province]], which would put Yoshimoto at odds with the Hôjô clan and result in the [[Kato no ran]]. Despite Un no kuchi, Nobutora favored a younger son, [[Takeda Nobushige|Nobushige]] over Harunobu and planned to name him heir. Perhaps as importantly to the coming events, Nobutora had alienated his retainers with his arbitrary style of leadership and burdened the people of Kai with heavy taxes and forced labor. In the summer of [[1541]] he was overthrown by Harunobu and his chief retainers (perhaps most notably [[Amari Torayasu]] and [[Itagaki Nobutaka]]), although the manner in which this played out is not entirely clear. According to one version of the so-called 'bloodless coup', Nobutora departed for [[Suruga province]] to visit his daughter, the wife of Imagawa Yoshimoto, and Harunobu seized power in his absence, possibly with the secret understanding of Yoshimoto. The people of Kai in any event celebrated his fall and the Takeda retainers accepted Shingen's rule without incident. Nobutora afterwards lived quietly in Suruga Province, at one point going to Kyoto to visit [[Ashikaga Yoshiteru]], and was watched first by the Imagawa and then by the Takeda when Suruga came under Takeda control after [[1569]].

Over the course of the next decade, Nobutora was at odds with the Imagawa, Hôjô, and a number of Shinano daimyô.  The latter at length banded together in an anti-Nobutora coalition that included the [[Suwa clan|Suwa]], the [[Imai clan|Imai]], the [[Hiraga Clan|Hiraga]] and others.  The Suwa, being at this time the strongest of them, was Nobutora's main antagonist.  In 1531 he defeated a coalition army near present-day Nirasaki but in 1535 found himself pressed on his southern borders by the Imagawa and Hôjô.  The following year he was granted a reprieve by the death of Imagawa Ujichika and the resulting battle for power within the Imagawa family.  Nobutora supported [[Imagawa Yoshimoto]]'s bid for leadership and when Yoshimoto emerged as the new daimyô he married Nobutora's eldest daughter. In return, Yoshimoto acted as a go-between to arrange the marriage of Takeda Harunobu to the daughter of the court noble, [[Sanjo Kimiyori]]. Although the Takeda and Hôjô made peace, Nobutora's alliance with Yoshimoto split the Hôjô-Imagawa union and the two clans began fighting.  Meanwhile, with his southern borders secure, Nobutora attacked the domain of [[Hiraga Genshin]] in late 1536 and surrounded his castle of Umi no kuchi [海ノ口城].  The defenders resisted stoutly and when winter snows began to fall, Nobutora withdrew. According to legend, it was Harunobu, commanding the rear guard, who opted to make a counter-march that caught the Hiraga men by surprise and led to their defeat and Genshin's death. Whatever the truth of the story, the result of the campaign was the destruction of the Hiraga in the 2nd month of 1537.

After Harunobu (Shingen) died in [[1573]], [[Takeda Katsuyori]] came to visit Nobutora and then allowed him to take up residence in [[Shinano province]]. He died on 27 March [[1574]] in Shinano (almost all western sources state that he died in 1573, perhaps owing to some earlier confusion with the death of Shingen), and was buried in Kai and his grave may be seen in Kofu today. Nobutora was recorded as an intemperate and even unstable man who was not well-liked by his retainers, though he was a warrior of some ability. Katsuyori was said to have been taken aback at how fearsome his grandfather looked even at 80 years of age.  His wife, the daughter of [[Oi Nobutatsu|Ôi Nobutatsu]] and the mother of all his sons until [[Ichijo Nobutatsu|Ichijô Nobutatsu]], died in [[1552]]. His eldest daughter (who died in [[1550]]), the wife of Imagawa Yoshimoto, produced the latter's heir, [[Imagawa Ujizane|Ujizane]].  Very little is known about his possible youngest son, Katsutora, except that he may have been born around the time that Nobutora went into exile.

 

Nobutora came to favor his second son, Nobushige, over Harunobu and contemplated naming him heir. Perhaps as importantly to the coming events, Nobutora had alienated his retainers with his arbitrary style of leadership and burdened the people of Kai with heavy taxes and forced labor for his seemingly endless campaigns. In the summer of [[1541]] he was overthrown by Harunobu and his chief retainers (perhaps most notably [[Amari Torayasu]] and [[Itagaki Nobutaka]]), although the manner in which this played out is not entirely clear. According to one version of the so-called 'bloodless coup', Nobutora departed for [[Suruga province]] to visit his daughter, the wife of Imagawa Yoshimoto, and Harunobu seized power in his absence, possibly with the secret understanding of Yoshimoto. The people of Kai in any event celebrated his fall and the Takeda retainers accepted Shingen's rule without incident. Nobutora afterwards lived quietly in Suruga Province, until the death of Yoshimoto at the [[Battle of Okehazama]] in [[1560]].  Nobutora's relations with Yoshimoto's heir, Ujizane, were not good and at length Nobutora migrated to [[Ise province|Ise Province]] and took up with [[Kitabatake Tomonori]], who gave him property in [[Shima Province]].  In return, Nobutora assisted Tomonori in his conflict with [[Kuki Yoshitaka]]

 

After Harunobu (Shingen) died in [[1573]], Katsuyori, the new lord of the Takeda, allowed Nobutora to return to the east and he took up with his 4th son, Nobukado, at [[Takato Castle]] in Shinano. He died on 27 March [[1574]] in Shinano (almost all western sources state that he died in 1573, perhaps owing to some earlier confusion with the death of Shingen), and was buried in Kai and his grave may be seen in Kofu today. Nobutora was recorded as an intemperate and even unstable man who was not well-liked by his retainers, though he was a warrior of obvious ability. Katsuyori was said to have been taken aback at how fearsome his grandfather looked even at 80 years of age.  His wife, the daughter of Ôi Nobutatsu, died in [[1552]]. His eldest daughter (who died in [[1550]]), the wife of Imagawa Yoshimoto, produced the latter's heir, [[Imagawa Ujizane|Ujizane]].  In addition to his other sons, Nobutora may also have had another, Katsutora.  Little is known about him, except that he may have been born around the time that Nobutora went into exile.

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