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*''Type: Flatland-Mountain''
*''Type: Flatland-Mountain''
*''Founder: [[Toyotomi Hideyoshi]]''
*''Founder: [[Toyotomi Hideyoshi]]''
*''Year: [[1596]]''
*''Built: [[1592]]-[[1596]]''
*''Destroyed: [[1619]]''
*''Destroyed: [[1623]]''
*''Reconstructed: 1964'' ([[Tenshu|Mogi-tenshu]])
*''Reconstructed: 1964'' ([[Tenshu|Mogi-tenshu]])
*''Location: Fushimi, [[Kyoto]]''
*''Location: Fushimi, [[Kyoto]]''
*''Other Names'': 桃山城 ''(Momoyama-jou)''
*''Other Names'': 桃山城 ''(Momoyama-jou)'', 伏見桃山城 ''(Fushimi-Momoyama-jou)''
*''Japanese:''伏見城''(Fushimi-jou)''
*''Japanese:''伏見城''(Fushimi-jou)''
Fushimi castle is the name of two castles built by [[Toyotomi Hideyoshi]] in Fushimi, in southeastern Kyoto.
Fushimi castle, also known as Momoyama or Fushimi-Momoyama castle, was built by [[Toyotomi Hideyoshi]] in Fushimi, in southeastern Kyoto, to serve as his retirement palace.
Hideyoshi began construction on the first Fushimi castle in [[1592]], to serve as his retirement palace, but expanded it in [[1594]] in order to formally receive envoys from [[Ming Dynasty]] China. For that purpose, it is said that he mobilized 250,000 men, and dismantled the nearby [[Yodo castle]], to use its stone in the construction of Fushimi castle's walls.
Hideyoshi began construction on the first Fushimi castle in [[1592]], and famously incorporated a tearoom covered from floor to ceiling (and all the tea implements as well) in gold foil.<ref name=daijirin>"[http://kotobank.jp/word/%E4%BC%8F%E8%A6%8B%E5%9F%8E Fushimi-jô]." ''Daijirin'' 大辞林. Sanseidô Co., Ltd.</ref> This tearoom seems to have been movable, and was constructed no later than the early months of [[1586]], when a record shows it was set up at the Imperial Palace to be shown to the emperor and courtiers. It was then set up again shortly afterward at [[Osaka castle]], and may have been erected at the [[Jurakudai]] at times.<ref>Morgan Pitelka, ''Spectacular Accumulation'', University of Hawaii Press (2016), 59.</ref> Though the golden tearoom is often described as an example of the vulgarity and excess of his cultural taste; however, [[Morgan Pitelka]] suggests this is not dissimilar from [[Ashikaga Yoshimitsu|Ashikaga Yoshimitsu's]] [[Kinkaku-ji|Golden Pavilion]], and the extensive use by samurai elites of [[gold foil]] in paintings, lacquerware, and the like.<ref>Morgan Pitelka, ''Spectacular Accumulation'', University of Hawaii Press (2016), 59.</ref>
In [[1596]], he received a vice-envoy from Ming, but just before the chief envoy arrived, there was a great earthquake, and the castle was destroyed.
Hideyoshi expanded the castle in [[1594]] in order to formally receive envoys from [[Ming Dynasty]] China. It is said that he mobilized 250,000 men to serve as workers for the expansion, and dismantled the nearby [[Yodo castle]] to use its stone in the construction of Fushimi castle's walls. In [[1596]], he received a vice-envoy from Ming, but just before the chief envoy arrived, there was a great earthquake, and the castle was destroyed. Hideyoshi then rebuilt the castle roughly 500 meters to the north of the original site.
The castle fell to the forces of [[Tokugawa Ieyasu]] prior to the [[battle of Sekigahara]], but was rebuilt by the Tokugawa in [[1604]]; Ieyasu then lived there until [[1607]], when he retired to [[Sunpu]].<ref>Arai Hakuseki, Joyce Ackroyd (trans.), ''Told Round a Brushwood Fire'', University of Tokyo Press (1979), 291n101.</ref> For a brief time, the castle fell under the control of [[Yodo han]], but then in [[1623]], [[Shogun]] [[Tokugawa Iemitsu]] had it demolished, using materials from the dismantled castle to build a new [[Yodo castle|castle at Yodo]] for the lord of that domain.<ref>"[http://kotobank.jp/word/%E4%BC%8F%E8%A6%8B%E5%9F%8E Fushimi-jô]." ''Asahi shinbun kisai Keyword'' 朝日新聞記載キーワード. Asahi Shinbun-sha.; Kusaba Kayoko 草葉加代子, ''Kyôkaidô to Yodogawa shûun'' 京街道と淀川舟運. Osaka: Daikoro (2019), 48.</ref> Many architectural elements of the castle survive today, having been incorporated into shrines, temples, and other sites, including [[Daitoku-ji]] and [[Nijo castle|Nijô castle]].<ref name=daijirin/>
The [[Meiji Emperor]] was buried on the original site of Fushimi castle, but the castle was rebuilt a short distance away in 1964. It served as the centerpiece of an amusement park for nearly 40 years; the amusement park was shuttered in 2003, and the site reopened as a public park in 2007. Though the interior of the castle was open to visitors for a time, it is now closed to the public.
==References==
==References==
*''[http://kotobank.jp/word/%E4%BC%8F%E8%A6%8B%E5%9F%8E Fushimi-jô].'' ''Sekai daihyakka jiten'' 世界大百科事典. Hitachi Solutions, 2012.
*''[http://kotobank.jp/word/%E4%BC%8F%E8%A6%8B%E5%9F%8E Fushimi-jô].'' ''Sekai daihyakka jiten'' 世界大百科事典. Hitachi Solutions, 2012.
*Inoue Munekazu. ''[[Nihon no Meijo]]'' 日本の名城. Yuzankaku Publishing, 1992.
*Inoue Munekazu. ''[[Nihon no Meijo]]'' 日本の名城. Yuzankaku Publishing, 1992.
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[[Category:Castles]]
[[Category:Castles]][[Category:Sengoku Period]]