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...British representative who signed the [[Anglo-Japanese Treaty of Amity and Commerce]] in [[1858]]. ...the [[Harris Treaty|Treaty of Amity and Commerce between the United States and Japan]] earlier that year.

...abeAkikatsu.JPG|right|thumb|300px|A stone marker stands on the former site of [[Myomanji|Myômanji]], a temple in Kyoto's [[Teramachi]], where Akikatsu s *''Distinction: [[Roju|Rôjû]], daimyo of [[Sabae han]], [[Kyoto shoshidai]], [[Shimousa province|Shimousa]] no kami'

...n [[1853]]-[[1854]], which ended in the signing of treaties between Russia and those two island nations. ...r thirteen years earlier, [[Makishi Chochu|Makishi Chôchû]], received them and served as interpreter for the Ryukyuan side during their time in Naha.<ref>

==Timeline of 1858== ...ut not ratified by the [[Qing Empire]], marking the end of the first stage of the [[Second Opium War]], but the war continues until [[1860]].

...sul [[Townsend Harris]], was the first treaty signed between Japan and any of the Western powers to establish formal diplomatic relations in the modern/W ...nt and anger among certain factions.<ref>Andrew Gordon, ''A Modern History of Japan'', Oxford University Press (2013), 53.</ref>

[[File:Yokohama-dome.jpg|right|thumb|320px|Bronze dome on the roof of the former Yokohama Specie Bank headquarters in Yokohama]] [[File:Akarenga.jpg|right|thumb|400px|One of the two red brick warehouses (''[[Akarenga soko|Akarenga sôko]]'') at Yoko

...], as well as independent groups, jostled for power, competing on an array of different agendas. ...(beginning with Holland, of course) would be advisable, rather than trying and failing to defend Japanese [[sakoku|seclusion]] by force. The shogunate rec