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*''Japanese'': 蝦夷 ''(Ezo)'', 蝦夷地 ''(Ezochi)''
"Ezo" or "Ezochi" is an old name for the region historically beyond the northern edges of Japanese settlement and governance, comprising [[Hokkaido|Hokkaidô]], [[Sakhalin]], and the [[Kuril Islands]], the homelands of indigenous peoples including the [[Ainu]]. The term ''Ezo'' uses the same characters as the term ''[[emishi]]'', which is often translated as "barbarian."
Over the course of the [[Edo period]], [[Matsumae han]] (and at times the [[Tokugawa shogunate]] directly) took over parts of the region, incorporating them into ''Wajinchi'' (lit. "the land of Japanese people") and thus shrinking the space the Japanese saw as "Ezochi" (i.e. "the land of 'barbarians'"). That remaining as "Ezochi" was consistently seen as ''iiki'' 異域, a "foreign region," outside of "Japan."<ref>By comparison, consider the terms ''takoku'' 他国 used to mean "another province" or "another domain" within Japan, and ''ikoku'' 異国 used to refer to "foreign countries" outside of Japan such as [[Kingdom of Ryukyu|Ryûkyû]] or [[Joseon|Korea]]. Luke Roberts, ''Mercantilism in a Japanese Domain: The Merchant Origins of Economic Nationalism in 18th-Century Tosa'', Cambridge University Press, 1998., pp5-6.</ref>
==History==
===Edo Period===
In [[1855]]/2, the shogunate reassigned jurisdiction and responsibility for Ezochi, dividing among [[Sendai han|Sendai]], [[Kubota han|Kubota]], [[Hirosaki han|Hirosaki]], [[Morioka han|Morioka]] and Matsumae domains what had previously been overseen by Matsumae alone.<ref>''Ishin Shiryo'', vol 2, pp19, 36.</ref> Later that same year, in 1855/10, the shogunate permitted shogunal vassals, retainers of the various domains, and commoners to relocate to Ezo, and granted loans to those who engaged in developing (''kaitaku'', 開拓) the land.<ref>''Ishin Shiryo'', vol 2, p133.</ref>
{{stub}}
==References==
<references/>
[[Category:Geographic Locations]]
[[Category:Edo Period]]
"Ezo" or "Ezochi" is an old name for the region historically beyond the northern edges of Japanese settlement and governance, comprising [[Hokkaido|Hokkaidô]], [[Sakhalin]], and the [[Kuril Islands]], the homelands of indigenous peoples including the [[Ainu]]. The term ''Ezo'' uses the same characters as the term ''[[emishi]]'', which is often translated as "barbarian."
Over the course of the [[Edo period]], [[Matsumae han]] (and at times the [[Tokugawa shogunate]] directly) took over parts of the region, incorporating them into ''Wajinchi'' (lit. "the land of Japanese people") and thus shrinking the space the Japanese saw as "Ezochi" (i.e. "the land of 'barbarians'"). That remaining as "Ezochi" was consistently seen as ''iiki'' 異域, a "foreign region," outside of "Japan."<ref>By comparison, consider the terms ''takoku'' 他国 used to mean "another province" or "another domain" within Japan, and ''ikoku'' 異国 used to refer to "foreign countries" outside of Japan such as [[Kingdom of Ryukyu|Ryûkyû]] or [[Joseon|Korea]]. Luke Roberts, ''Mercantilism in a Japanese Domain: The Merchant Origins of Economic Nationalism in 18th-Century Tosa'', Cambridge University Press, 1998., pp5-6.</ref>
==History==
===Edo Period===
In [[1855]]/2, the shogunate reassigned jurisdiction and responsibility for Ezochi, dividing among [[Sendai han|Sendai]], [[Kubota han|Kubota]], [[Hirosaki han|Hirosaki]], [[Morioka han|Morioka]] and Matsumae domains what had previously been overseen by Matsumae alone.<ref>''Ishin Shiryo'', vol 2, pp19, 36.</ref> Later that same year, in 1855/10, the shogunate permitted shogunal vassals, retainers of the various domains, and commoners to relocate to Ezo, and granted loans to those who engaged in developing (''kaitaku'', 開拓) the land.<ref>''Ishin Shiryo'', vol 2, p133.</ref>
{{stub}}
==References==
<references/>
[[Category:Geographic Locations]]
[[Category:Edo Period]]
