Changes

''Niwaka'' were amateur farcical plays popular from the early 18th century onwards; closely based on professional [[kabuki]] plays of the time, ''niwaka'' performed by [[courtesans]] of the [[Yoshiwara]] were particularly popular, and sometimes depicted in ''[[ukiyo-e]]'' prints.

''Niwaka'' were amateur farcical plays popular from the early 18th century onwards; closely based on professional [[kabuki]] plays of the time, ''niwaka'' performed by [[courtesans]] of the [[Yoshiwara]] were particularly popular, and sometimes depicted in ''[[ukiyo-e]]'' prints.

In [[Edo]], ''niwaka'' performances by courtesans came to be a regular annual event in the Yoshiwara; similar performances, called ''Gion nerimono'', also took place annually in [[Kyoto]], in conjunction with [[Gion Matsuri]]. ''Niwaka'' prints produced in Kyoto included not only those made in the standard [[printing and publishing|woodblock]] manner, but also ''[[kappazuri]]'' (stencil) prints.

In [[Edo]], ''niwaka'' performances by courtesans came to be a regular annual event in the Yoshiwara; they were performed in the 8th month each year, as part of a festival dedicated to the ''[[kami]]'' [[Inari]]. The festival also involved a parade through the Yoshiwara, in which courtesans in various costumes rode on floats, and stopped at teahouses to perform skits and dances.

 

Similar performances, called ''Gion nerimono'', also took place annually in [[Kyoto]], in conjunction with [[Gion Matsuri]]. ''Niwaka'' prints produced in Kyoto included not only those made in the standard [[printing and publishing|woodblock]] manner, but also ''[[kappazuri]]'' (stencil) prints.

{{stub}}

{{stub}}

==References==

==References==

*Matsuba Ryoko, "Niwaka prints: a window into the relationship between publishers, patrons, courtesans and kabuki in Edo and Kyoto," Kabuki Symposium, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 13 November 2010.  

*Matsuba Ryoko, "Niwaka prints: a window into the relationship between publishers, patrons, courtesans and kabuki in Edo and Kyoto," Kabuki Symposium, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 13 November 2010.

*"[http://shunga.honolulumuseum.org/2013/index.php?page=104&language=&maxImageHeight=470&headerTop=0&headerHeight=109&footerTop=579&bw=1366&sh=0&refreshed=refreshed#.VHwTG8mTLqM Tongue in Cheek: Erotic Art in 19th-Century Art]," Honolulu Museum of Art, exhibition website, accessed 1 December 2014.

[[Category:Poetry and Theater]]

[[Category:Poetry and Theater]]

[[Category:Edo Period]]

[[Category:Edo Period]]