Qing flute

Other Names: 横笛 (J: yokofue, ôteki), てう (teu, chô)
Chinese/Japanese: 清笛 (Qīng dí / shinteki)

The transverse flute^[1] (J: yokofue or ôteki) known in Japan as a "Qing flute" (J: shinteki) is a style of instrument widely used in China from the Qing Dynasty onward, as well as in Ryukyuan uzagaku court music; Ryukyuan embassies to Edo employed such flutes as well, in their performances during missions to Japan.

Surviving examples of 18th century Ryukyuan instruments in Tokugawa collections include flutes of varying lengths, each of them made of a length of bamboo, with black lacquered buffalo horn fittings at either end. Each has nine finger holes on the top of the instrument (plus the mouthpiece), and two on the bottom, plus another two where a tassel could be strung for purely decorative purposes. Each is bound in twenty-four places with string coated in lacquer and gold leaf.

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References

Okinawa bijutsu zenshû 沖縄美術全集 5, 342.

↑ Whereas instruments such as the dongxiao and shakuhachi are end-blown flutes, played vertically or held out in front of the body, the transverse flute, by definition, describes a category of flute which, like that found in modern/Western orchestras and wind ensembles today, is held horizontally out to the side from the player's face.

[1] Whereas instruments such as the dongxiao and shakuhachi are end-blown flutes, played vertically or held out in front of the body, the transverse flute, by definition, describes a category of flute which, like that found in modern/Western orchestras and wind ensembles today, is held horizontally out to the side from the player's face.

[1]