Changes

Thirty-six [[han|domains]], including Tsushima and [[Satsuma han|Satsuma]], maintained domain offices in the city.<ref>Hellyer, 28. Jansen, 12.</ref> Agents of Tsushima were stationed in the port city in part in order to purchase from Chinese and Dutch merchants certain Southeast Asian luxury commodities such as buffalo horn, alum, and sappanwood, which Tsushima could then give to the Korean Court as [[tribute]] goods; by authorization of the shogunate, these Tsushima officials were permitted to buy the highest quality such goods available at a highly reduced rate.<ref>Hellyer, 56.</ref> Korean castaways found/rescued anywhere in Japan were sent to the Tsushima han office in Nagasaki, after which they could be repatriated to the ''[[Wakan]]'' ("Japan House") in [[Pusan]]. All other foreign castaways similarly passed through Nagasaki, with the exception of those from [[Ryukyu Kingdom|Ryûkyû]], who were sent to [[Kagoshima]] to be repatriated. Kagoshima also handled Japanese castaways who had been found/rescued in the [[Ryukyu Islands|Ryukyus]].

Thirty-six [[han|domains]], including Tsushima and [[Satsuma han|Satsuma]], maintained domain offices in the city.<ref>Hellyer, 28. Jansen, 12.</ref> Agents of Tsushima were stationed in the port city in part in order to purchase from Chinese and Dutch merchants certain Southeast Asian luxury commodities such as buffalo horn, alum, and sappanwood, which Tsushima could then give to the Korean Court as [[tribute]] goods; by authorization of the shogunate, these Tsushima officials were permitted to buy the highest quality such goods available at a highly reduced rate.<ref>Hellyer, 56.</ref> Korean castaways found/rescued anywhere in Japan were sent to the Tsushima han office in Nagasaki, after which they could be repatriated to the ''[[Wakan]]'' ("Japan House") in [[Pusan]]. All other foreign castaways similarly passed through Nagasaki, with the exception of those from [[Ryukyu Kingdom|Ryûkyû]], who were sent to [[Kagoshima]] to be repatriated. Kagoshima also handled Japanese castaways who had been found/rescued in the [[Ryukyu Islands|Ryukyus]].

After the port was opened to Western merchant activity in the [[Bakumatsu period]], for a brief time Western merchants attempted to insert themselves into the existing trade networks in marine products, etc. and in Chinese goods. However, around the same time, the [[Taiping Rebellion]] caused the number of Chinese ships calling at the port to plummet, and the traditional patterns of trade between the Chinese residents in Nagasaki and the ''Nagasaki kaisho'' collapsed. The character of activity at the port transformed rapidly, as direct trade with Westerners came to dominate; Chinese merchants in the port city turned to insert themselves into this new pattern, abandoning the old one. The port also quickly became the site of a lively trade in modern steamships and sailing vessels, with as many as 106 ships being sold at Nagasaki between [[1860]] and [[1867]]. Satsuma, among others, began collecting goods from various domains to sell at Nagasaki, as the port was thrown open to freer involvement of outside parties.<ref>Hellyer, 197.</ref>

After the port was opened to Western merchant activity in the [[Bakumatsu period]], for a brief time Western merchants attempted to insert themselves into the existing trade networks in marine products, etc. and in Chinese goods. However, around the same time, the [[Taiping Rebellion]] caused the number of Chinese ships calling at the port to plummet, and the traditional patterns of trade between the Chinese residents in Nagasaki and the ''Nagasaki kaisho'' collapsed. The character of activity at the port transformed rapidly, as direct trade with Westerners came to dominate; Chinese merchants in the port city turned to insert themselves into this new pattern, abandoning the old one. The port also quickly became the site of a lively trade in modern steamships and sailing vessels, with as many as 106 ships being sold at Nagasaki between [[1860]] and [[1867]]. Satsuma, among others, began collecting goods from various domains to sell at Nagasaki, as the port was thrown open to freer involvement of outside parties.<ref>Hellyer, 197.</ref>