Qianjie

• Chinese: 遷界 (qianjie)

In 1657, the Qing Court ordered that all coastal activities be halted, and residents be moved further inland. This was in response to the threat of coastal raids by Ming loyalists such as those led by Zheng Chenggong (Coxinga). The policy was called qianjie, literally "moving boundaries."

Coastal industries and maritime trade alike were suspended, spurring considerable discussion among Court bureaucrats and officials as to economic policy and the possible impacts.

References

• Schottenhammer, Angela. "The East Asian maritime world, 1400-1800: Its fabrics of power and dynamics of exchanges - China and her neighbors." in Schottenhammer (ed.) The East Asian maritime world, 1400-1800: Its fabrics of power and dynamics of exchanges. Harrassowitz Verlag, 2007. pp1-83.