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→Lineage of the Second Shô Dynasty
*''Japanese'': 尚王統 ''(Shou outou)''
[[File:King Sho En.jpg|right|thumb|320px|A [[ogo-e|posthumous official royal portrait]] of King [[Sho En|Shô En]]]]
*''Japanese'': [[尚]]王統 ''(Shou outou)''
The Shô family which ruled the [[Ryukyu Kingdom|Ryûkyû Kingdom]] was in fact two separate lineages.
The Shô family which ruled the [[Ryukyu Kingdom|Ryûkyû Kingdom]] was in fact two separate lineages.
After [[Sho Hashi|Hashi]], king of [[Chuzan|Chûzan]], conquered the kingdoms of [[Hokuzan]] and [[Nanzan]], uniting the island of [[Okinawa Island|Okinawa]] and establishing the Ryûkyû Kingdom in [[1429]], he was granted the name Shô (C: ''Shang'') by the [[Ming Dynasty|Ming Court]] as a royal surname, and was recognized as the legitimate ruler of Ryûkyû as a [[tribute|tributary]] state. This name was then passed down as the royal, dynastic, surname of the Kings of Ryûkyû.
After [[Sho Hashi|Hashi]], king of [[Chuzan|Chûzan]], conquered the kingdoms of [[Hokuzan]] and [[Nanzan]], uniting the island of [[Okinawa Island|Okinawa]] and establishing the Ryûkyû Kingdom in [[1429]], he was granted the name Shô (C: ''Shang'') by the [[Ming Dynasty|Ming Court]] as a royal surname, and was recognized as the legitimate ruler of Ryûkyû as a [[tribute|tributary]] state. This name, which might have a connotation of being loyally "in service of royal affairs,"<ref>Chan, Ying Kit. “A Bridge between Myriad Lands: The Ryukyu Kingdom and Ming China (1372-1526).” MA Thesis, National University of Singapore, 2010, 29n76. http://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/handle/10635/20602.</ref> was then passed down as the royal, dynastic, surname of the Kings of Ryûkyû.
A few decades later, in [[1469]], a high-ranking government official & court aristocrat, Kanamaru, staged a coup, overthrowing the First Shô Dynasty, and installing himself (and his descendants) as king of Ryûkyû. As part of efforts to establish his legitimacy, he took the name Shô, so as to give some impression of a continuation of a Shô family as the rulers of the kingdom, despite being of no actual blood relation. He took the name King [[Sho En|Shô En]] for himself, and passed on the name Shô to his descendants; thus began the Second Shô Dynasty.
A few decades later, in [[1469]], a high-ranking government official & court aristocrat, Kanamaru, staged a coup, overthrowing the First Shô Dynasty, and installing himself (and his descendants) as king of Ryûkyû. As part of efforts to establish his legitimacy, he took the name Shô, so as to give some impression of a continuation of a Shô family as the rulers of the kingdom, despite being of no actual blood relation. He took the name King [[Sho En|Shô En]] for himself, and passed on the name Shô to his descendants; thus began the Second Shô Dynasty.
Each king was memorialized in an official posthumous royal portrait known as an ''ogoe'' (御後絵) in Japanese. These survive today only in black-and-white pre-war reproductions, as all the full-color painted originals were destroyed in the 1945 Battle of Okinawa.<ref>Gallery labels, [[Shuri castle]].</ref>
==Lineage of the First Shô Dynasty==
==Lineage of the First Shô Dynasty==
***[[Sho Chu|Shô Chû]] (1391-1444) - 2nd son of Shô Hashi, 3rd king of the Shô Dynasty
***[[Sho Chu|Shô Chû]] (1391-1444) - 2nd son of Shô Hashi, 3rd king of the Shô Dynasty
****[[Sho Shitatsu|Shô Shitatsu]] (1408-1449) - son of Shô Chû, 4th king of the Shô Dynasty
****[[Sho Shitatsu|Shô Shitatsu]] (1408-1449) - son of Shô Chû, 4th king of the Shô Dynasty
***[[Sho Kinpuku|Shô Kinpuku]] (1398-1453) - 6th son of Shô Hashi, 6th king of the Shô Dynasty
***[[Sho Kinpuku|Shô Kinpuku]] (1398-1453) - 5th son of Shô Hashi, 5th king of the Shô Dynasty
***[[Sho Taikyu|Shô Taikyû]] (d. 1461) - 7th son of Shô Hashi, 7th king of the Shô Dynasty
****[[Sho Shiro|Shô Shiro]] (d. 1453?) - eldest son of Shô Kinpuku
****[[Sho Toku|Shô Toku]] (1441-1469) - son of Shô Taikyû, 8th king of the Shô Dynasty
***[[Sho Furi|Shô Furi]] (d. 1453?) - 6th son of Shô Hashi
***[[Sho Taikyu|Shô Taikyû]] (d. 1461) - 7th son of Shô Hashi, 6th king of the Shô Dynasty
****Ashitu Kanahashi<!--安次富金橋・加那巴志--> - eldest son of Shô Taikyû<ref name=taikyugrave>Plaques on-site at tomb of Shô Taikyû and Ashitu ganashi in Nanjô City, Okinawa.[https://www.flickr.com/photos/toranosuke/49600071092/sizes/4k/]</ref>
****Mitsuba Tabuki<!--美津葉多武喜・三津葉多武喜--> - 2nd son of Shô Taikyû<ref name=taikyugrave/>
****[[Sho Toku|Shô Toku]] (1441-1469) - 3rd son of Shô Taikyû, 7th king of the Shô Dynasty<ref name=taikyugrave/>
****Hachiman ganashi - 4th son of Shô Taikyû<ref name=taikyugrave/>
*****Hachiman niyaa Umikame<!--八幡仁屋思亀--> - son of Hachiman ganashi<ref name=taikyugrave/>
****[[Momoto Fumiagari]] - eldest daughter of Shô Taikyû<ref name=taikyugrave/>
==Lineage of the Second Shô Dynasty==
==Lineage of the Second Shô Dynasty==
***[[Sho Shin|Shô Shin]] (r. 1477-1526) - 3rd king of Second Shô Dynasty, son of Shô En & Yosoidon
***[[Sho Shin|Shô Shin]] (r. 1477-1526) - 3rd king of Second Shô Dynasty, son of Shô En & Yosoidon
****[[Sho Iko|Sho Ikô]] (Urasoe Chôman)<!--浦添朝満・尚維衡--> - eldest son of Shô Shin
****[[Sho Iko|Sho Ikô]] (Urasoe Chôman)<!--浦添朝満・尚維衡--> - eldest son of Shô Shin
*****[[Bainan]] - daughter of Shô Ikô, ''[[kikoe-ogimi|kikôe-ôgimi]]''
*****[[Bainan]] - daughter of Shô Ikô, ''[[kikoe-ogimi|kikoe-ôgimi]]''
*****[[Urasoe Chokyo|Shô Kôgyô]] (Urasoe Chôkyô) - eldest son of Shô Ikô
*****[[Urasoe Chokyo|Shô Kôgyô]] (Urasoe Chôkyô) - eldest son of Shô Ikô
******[[Sho I|Shô I]]<!--尚懿--> - eldest son of Shô Kôgyô
******[[Sho I (尚懿)|Shô I]]<!--尚懿--> - eldest son of Shô Kôgyô
*******[[Sho Nei|Shô Nei]] (r. 1589-1620) - 7th king of Second Shô Dynasty, eldest son of Shô I, adopted son of [[Sho Ei|Shô Ei]]
*******[[Sho Nei|Shô Nei]] (r. 1589-1620) - 7th king of Second Shô Dynasty, eldest son of Shô I, adopted son of [[Sho Ei|Shô Ei]]
*******[[Prince Sho Ko|Shô Kô]]<!--尚宏--> - son of Shô I
********[[Sho Kokushi|Shô Kokushi]] (Nakijin Chôyô, d. 1609)<!--今帰仁按司朝容・尚克祉-->, son of Shô Nei
*******[[Sho Ko (尚宏)|Shô Kô]]<!--尚宏--> - son of Shô I
****[[Sho Chorai|Shô Chôrai]]<!--尚朝来--> - second son of Shô Shin
****[[Sho Chorai|Shô Chôrai]]<!--尚朝来--> - second son of Shô Shin
****[[Sho Shoi|Shô Shôi]] - third son of Shô Shin
****[[Sho Shoi|Shô Shôi]] - third son of Shô Shin
****[[Sho Kyojin|Shô Kyôjin]]<!--尚享仁--> - sixth son of Shô Shin
****[[Sho Kyojin|Shô Kyôjin]]<!--尚享仁--> - sixth son of Shô Shin
****[[Sho Gendo|Shô Gendô]]<!--尚源道--> - seventh son of Shô Shin
****[[Sho Gendo|Shô Gendô]]<!--尚源道--> - seventh son of Shô Shin
****[[Sho Sei (1497-1555)|Shô Sei]] (r. 1527-1555) - 4th king of Second Shô Dynasty, fifth son of Shô Shin
****[[Sho Sei (尚清)|Shô Sei]] (r. 1527-1555) - 4th king of Second Shô Dynasty, fifth son of Shô Shin
*****[[Prince Sho Tei|Shô Tei]]<!--尚禎--> - eldest son of Shô Sei
*****[[Prince Sho Tei|Shô Tei]]<!--尚禎--> - eldest son of Shô Sei
*****[[Sho Yoso|Shô Yôsô]]<!--尚楊叢--> - third son of Shô Sei
*****[[Sho Yoso|Shô Yôsô]]<!--尚楊叢--> - third son of Shô Sei
*******[[Katsuren Chori|Shô Ken]]<!--尚憲/勝連王子朝利--> - eldest son of Shô Kyû
*******[[Katsuren Chori|Shô Ken]]<!--尚憲/勝連王子朝利--> - eldest son of Shô Kyû
*******[[Sho Kan|Shô Kan]]<!--尚寛--> - second son of Shô Kyû
*******[[Sho Kan|Shô Kan]]<!--尚寛--> - second son of Shô Kyû
*******[[Gushikawa Chori|Shô Tei]]<!--尚定・具志川王子朝理--> - third son of Shô Kyû
*******[[Gushikawa Chori (Sho Tei)|Shô Tei]]<!--尚定・具志川王子朝理--> - third son of Shô Kyû
*******[[Kin Chotei|Shô Sei]] (Kin Chôtei)<!--尚盛・金武王子朝貞--> - fifth son of Shô Kyû
*******[[Kin Chotei|Shô Sei]] (Kin Chôtei)<!--尚盛・金武王子朝貞--> - fifth son of Shô Kyû
*******[[Sho O|Shô Ô]]<!--尚漚/金武王子朝敦--> - sixth son of Shô Kyû
*******[[Sho O|Shô Ô]]<!--尚漚/金武王子朝敦--> - sixth son of Shô Kyû
************[[Chatan Choki|Shô Tetsu]]<!--尚徹・北谷王子朝騎--> - second son of Shô Eki
************[[Chatan Choki|Shô Tetsu]]<!--尚徹・北谷王子朝騎--> - second son of Shô Eki
************[[Sho Kei|Shô Kei]] (r. 1713-1752) - 13th king of Second Shô Dynasty, eldest son of Shô Eki
************[[Sho Kei|Shô Kei]] (r. 1713-1752) - 13th king of Second Shô Dynasty, eldest son of Shô Eki
*************[[Sho Wa|Shô Wa]] - second son of Shô Kei
*************[[Sho Wa|Shô Wa]]<!--尚和--> - second son of Shô Kei
*************[[Sho Boku|Shô Boku]] (r. 1752-1795) - 14th king of Second Shô Dynasty, eldest son of Shô Kei
*************[[Sho Boku|Shô Boku]] (r. 1752-1795) - 14th king of Second Shô Dynasty, eldest son of Shô Kei
**************[[Sho To|Shô To]] - second son of Shô Boku
**************[[Sho To|Shô To]]<!--尚図--> - second son of Shô Boku
**************[[Sho Shu|Shô Shû]] - third son of Shô Boku
**************[[Sho Shu|Shô Shû]]<!--尚周--> - third son of Shô Boku
**************[[Ginowan Chosho|Shô Yô]] (Ginowan Chôshô)<!--尚容・宜野湾朝祥--> - fourth son of Shô Boku
**************[[Ginowan Chosho|Shô Yô]] (Ginowan Chôshô)<!--尚容・宜野湾朝祥--> - fourth son of Shô Boku
**************[[Sho Kaku|Shô Kaku]] - fifth son of Shô Boku
**************[[Sho Kaku|Shô Kaku]]<!--尚恪--> - fifth son of Shô Boku
**************[[Sho Tetsu|Shô Tetsu]] - eldest son of Shô Boku
**************[[Sho Tetsu|Shô Tetsu]]<!--尚哲--> - eldest son of Shô Boku
***************Shô Hô - eldest son of Shô Tetsu
***************Shô Hô<!--尚法--> - eldest son of Shô Tetsu
***************[[Sho On|Shô On]] (r. 1795-1802) - 15th king of Second Shô Dynasty, second son of Shô Tetsu
***************[[Sho On|Shô On]] (r. 1795-1802) - 15th king of Second Shô Dynasty, second son of Shô Tetsu
****************[[Sho Sei (1783–1804)|Shô Sei]] (r. 1803) - 16th king of Second Shô Dynasty, eldest son of Shô On
****************[[Sho Sei (尚成)|Shô Sei]] (r. 1803-1804) - 16th king of Second Shô Dynasty, eldest son of Shô On
***************[[Prince Sho Ko|Prince Shô Kô]]<!--尚洽・真蒲戸金王子--> - third son of Shô Tetsu
***************[[Sho Ko (尚洽)|Shô Kô]]<!--尚洽・真蒲戸金王子--> - third son of Shô Tetsu
***************[[Sho Ko|Shô Kô]] (r. 1804-1834) - 17th king of Second Shô Dynasty, fourth son of Shô Tetsu
***************[[Sho Ko (尚灝)|Shô Kô]] (r. 1804-1834) - 17th king of Second Shô Dynasty, fourth son of Shô Tetsu
****************[[Sho Yo|Shô Yô]]<!--尚膺--> - second son of Shô Kô
****************[[Sho Yo|Shô Yô]]<!--尚膺--> - second son of Shô Kô
****************[[Ozato Chokyo|Shô Jun]] (Ôzato Chôkyô)<!--尚惇・大里王子朝教--> - third son of Shô Kô
****************[[Ozato Chokyo|Shô Jun]] (Ôzato Chôkyô)<!--尚惇・大里王子朝教--> - third son of Shô Kô
****************[[Prince Sho I|Shô I]]<!--尚怡・真蒲戸金王子--> - fourth son of Shô Kô
****************[[Sho I (尚怡)|Shô I]]<!--尚怡・真蒲戸金王子--> - fourth son of Shô Kô
****************[[Ie Chochoku|Shô Ken]] (Ie Chôchoku)<!--尚健・伊江王子朝直--> - fifth son of Shô Kô
****************[[Ie Chochoku|Shô Ken]] (Ie Chôchoku)<!--尚健・伊江王子朝直--> - fifth son of Shô Kô
****************[[Yoshimura Chosho|Shô Ken]] (Yoshimura Chôshô)<!--尚謙・義村王子朝章--> - sixth son of Shô Kô
****************[[Yoshimura Chosho|Shô Ken]] (Yoshimura Chôshô)<!--尚謙・義村王子朝章--> - sixth son of Shô Kô
******************[[Sho Jun (1873-1945)|Shô Jun]] - fourth son of Shô Tai
******************[[Sho Jun (1873-1945)|Shô Jun]] - fourth son of Shô Tai
******************[[Tamagusuku Shoshu|Shô Shû]] (Tamagusuku Shôshû)<!--玉城尚秀--> - fifth son of Shô Tai
******************[[Tamagusuku Shoshu|Shô Shû]] (Tamagusuku Shôshû)<!--玉城尚秀--> - fifth son of Shô Tai
******************Shô Kô<!--尚光--> - sixth son of Shô Tai
******************[[Sho Ko (尚光)|Shô Kô]]<!--尚光--> - sixth son of Shô Tai
******************[[Sho Ji|Shô Ji]]<!--尚時--> - seventh son of Shô Tai
******************[[Sho Ji|Shô Ji]]<!--尚時--> - seventh son of Shô Tai
******************[[Sho Masako|Shô Masako]]<!--尚政子--> - daughter of Shô Tai; married [[Kanna Kenwa]]<ref>"Shurijo Castle and Performing Arts," exhibition pamphlet, National Theater Okinawa, October-December 2020.</ref>
==References==
*''Miyakonojô to Ryûkyû ôkoku'' 都城と琉球王国, Miyakonojô Shimazu Residence (2012), 5.
*''Miyakonojô to Ryûkyû ôkoku'' 都城と琉球王国, Miyakonojô Shimazu Residence (2012), 5.
<references/>
[[Category:Ryukyu]]
[[Category:Ryukyu]]
[[Category:Royalty]]
[[Category:Royalty]]
[[Category:Clans]]
[[Category:Clans]]