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→Lineage of the Second Shô Dynasty
*''Japanese'': 尚王統 ''(Shou outou)''
[[File:King Sho En.jpg|right|thumb|320px|A [[ogo-e|posthumous official royal portrait]] of King [[Sho En|Shô En]]]]
*''Japanese'': [[尚]]王統 ''(Shou outou)''
The Shô family which ruled the [[Ryukyu Kingdom|Ryûkyû Kingdom]] was in fact two separate lineages.
The Shô family which ruled the [[Ryukyu Kingdom|Ryûkyû Kingdom]] was in fact two separate lineages.
After [[Sho Hashi|Hashi]], king of [[Chuzan|Chûzan]], conquered the kingdoms of [[Hokuzan]] and [[Nanzan]], uniting the island of [[Okinawa Island|Okinawa]] and establishing the Ryûkyû Kingdom in [[1429]], he was granted the name Shô (C: ''Shang'') by the [[Ming Dynasty|Ming Court]] as a royal surname, and was recognized as the legitimate ruler of Ryûkyû as a [[tribute|tributary]] state. This name was then passed down as the royal, dynastic, surname of the Kings of Ryûkyû.
After [[Sho Hashi|Hashi]], king of [[Chuzan|Chûzan]], conquered the kingdoms of [[Hokuzan]] and [[Nanzan]], uniting the island of [[Okinawa Island|Okinawa]] and establishing the Ryûkyû Kingdom in [[1429]], he was granted the name Shô (C: ''Shang'') by the [[Ming Dynasty|Ming Court]] as a royal surname, and was recognized as the legitimate ruler of Ryûkyû as a [[tribute|tributary]] state. This name, which might have a connotation of being loyally "in service of royal affairs,"<ref>Chan, Ying Kit. “A Bridge between Myriad Lands: The Ryukyu Kingdom and Ming China (1372-1526).” MA Thesis, National University of Singapore, 2010, 29n76. http://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/handle/10635/20602.</ref> was then passed down as the royal, dynastic, surname of the Kings of Ryûkyû.
A few decades later, in [[1469]], a high-ranking government official & court aristocrat, Kanamaru, staged a coup, overthrowing the First Shô Dynasty, and installing himself (and his descendants) as king of Ryûkyû. As part of efforts to establish his legitimacy, he took the name Shô, so as to give some impression of a continuation of a Shô family as the rulers of the kingdom, despite being of no actual blood relation. He took the name King [[Sho En|Shô En]] for himself, and passed on the name Shô to his descendants; thus began the Second Shô Dynasty.
A few decades later, in [[1469]], a high-ranking government official & court aristocrat, Kanamaru, staged a coup, overthrowing the First Shô Dynasty, and installing himself (and his descendants) as king of Ryûkyû. As part of efforts to establish his legitimacy, he took the name Shô, so as to give some impression of a continuation of a Shô family as the rulers of the kingdom, despite being of no actual blood relation. He took the name King [[Sho En|Shô En]] for himself, and passed on the name Shô to his descendants; thus began the Second Shô Dynasty.
Each king was memorialized in an official posthumous royal portrait known as an ''ogoe'' (御後絵) in Japanese. These survive today only in black-and-white pre-war reproductions, as all the full-color painted originals were destroyed in the 1945 Battle of Okinawa.<ref>Gallery labels, [[Shuri castle]].</ref>
==Lineage of the First Shô Dynasty==
==Lineage of the First Shô Dynasty==
*[[Sho Shisho|Shô Shishô]] (d. 1421) - 1st king of the Shô Dynasty
*[[Sho Shisho|Shô Shishô]] (d. 1421) - 1st king of the Shô Dynasty
**[[Sho Hashi|Shô Hashi]] (1371-1439) - 2nd king of the Shô Dynasty, son of Shô Shishô, united Okinawa and established Ryûkyû Kingdom
**[[Sho Hashi|Shô Hashi]] (1371-1439) - son of Shô Shishô, 2nd king of the Shô Dynasty, united Okinawa and established Ryûkyû Kingdom
***
***[[Sho Chu|Shô Chû]] (1391-1444) - 2nd son of Shô Hashi, 3rd king of the Shô Dynasty
****[[Sho Shitatsu|Shô Shitatsu]] (1408-1449) - son of Shô Chû, 4th king of the Shô Dynasty
***[[Sho Kinpuku|Shô Kinpuku]] (1398-1453) - 5th son of Shô Hashi, 5th king of the Shô Dynasty
****[[Sho Shiro|Shô Shiro]] (d. 1453?) - eldest son of Shô Kinpuku
***[[Sho Furi|Shô Furi]] (d. 1453?) - 6th son of Shô Hashi
***[[Sho Taikyu|Shô Taikyû]] (d. 1461) - 7th son of Shô Hashi, 6th king of the Shô Dynasty
****Ashitu Kanahashi<!--安次富金橋・加那巴志--> - eldest son of Shô Taikyû<ref name=taikyugrave>Plaques on-site at tomb of Shô Taikyû and Ashitu ganashi in Nanjô City, Okinawa.[https://www.flickr.com/photos/toranosuke/49600071092/sizes/4k/]</ref>
****Mitsuba Tabuki<!--美津葉多武喜・三津葉多武喜--> - 2nd son of Shô Taikyû<ref name=taikyugrave/>
****[[Sho Toku|Shô Toku]] (1441-1469) - 3rd son of Shô Taikyû, 7th king of the Shô Dynasty<ref name=taikyugrave/>
****Hachiman ganashi - 4th son of Shô Taikyû<ref name=taikyugrave/>
*****Hachiman niyaa Umikame<!--八幡仁屋思亀--> - son of Hachiman ganashi<ref name=taikyugrave/>
****[[Momoto Fumiagari]] - eldest daughter of Shô Taikyû<ref name=taikyugrave/>
==Lineage of the Second Shô Dynasty==
==Lineage of the Second Shô Dynasty==
*[[Sho Shoku|Shô Shoku]]<!--尚稷-->
**[[Sho Seni|Shô Sen'i]] (r. 1477) - 2nd king of Second Shô Dynasty, son of Shô Shoku
**[[Sho En|Shô En]] (r. 1470-1476, aka Kanamaru) - founder of Second Shô Dynasty, eldest son of Shô Shoku
***[[Yosoidon]] - second wife of Shô En
***[[Sho Shin|Shô Shin]] (r. 1477-1526) - 3rd king of Second Shô Dynasty, son of Shô En & Yosoidon
****[[Sho Iko|Sho Ikô]] (Urasoe Chôman)<!--浦添朝満・尚維衡--> - eldest son of Shô Shin
*****[[Bainan]] - daughter of Shô Ikô, ''[[kikoe-ogimi|kikoe-ôgimi]]''
*****[[Urasoe Chokyo|Shô Kôgyô]] (Urasoe Chôkyô) - eldest son of Shô Ikô
******[[Sho I (尚懿)|Shô I]]<!--尚懿--> - eldest son of Shô Kôgyô
*******[[Sho Nei|Shô Nei]] (r. 1589-1620) - 7th king of Second Shô Dynasty, eldest son of Shô I, adopted son of [[Sho Ei|Shô Ei]]
********[[Sho Kokushi|Shô Kokushi]] (Nakijin Chôyô, d. 1609)<!--今帰仁按司朝容・尚克祉-->, son of Shô Nei
*******[[Sho Ko (尚宏)|Shô Kô]]<!--尚宏--> - son of Shô I
****[[Sho Chorai|Shô Chôrai]]<!--尚朝来--> - second son of Shô Shin
****[[Sho Shoi|Shô Shôi]] - third son of Shô Shin
****[[Sho Ryutoku|Shô Ryûtoku]]<!--尚龍徳--> - fourth son of Shô Shin
****[[Sho Kyojin|Shô Kyôjin]]<!--尚享仁--> - sixth son of Shô Shin
****[[Sho Gendo|Shô Gendô]]<!--尚源道--> - seventh son of Shô Shin
****[[Sho Sei (尚清)|Shô Sei]] (r. 1527-1555) - 4th king of Second Shô Dynasty, fifth son of Shô Shin
*****[[Prince Sho Tei|Shô Tei]]<!--尚禎--> - eldest son of Shô Sei
*****[[Sho Yoso|Shô Yôsô]]<!--尚楊叢--> - third son of Shô Sei
*****[[Sho Kanshin|Shô Kanshin]]<!--尚鑑心--> - fourth son of Shô Sei
*****[[Sho Kan|Shô Kan]]<!--尚桓--> - fifth son of Shô Sei
*****[[Sho Hangoku|Shô Hangoku]]<!--尚范国--> - sixth son of Shô Sei
*****[[Ie Chogi|Shô Sôken]]<!--尚宗賢・伊江朝義--> - seventh son of Shô Sei
*****[[Sho Kotoku|Shô Kôtoku]]<!--尚洪徳--> - eighth son of Shô Sei
*****[[Sho Gen|Shô Gen]] (r. 1556-1572) - 5th king of Second Shô Dynasty, second son of Shô Sei
******[[Sho Kohaku|Shô Kôhaku]]<!--尚康伯--> - eldest son of Shô Gen
******[[Sho Ei|Shô Ei]] (r. 1573-1588) - 6th king of Second Shô Dynasty, second son of Shô Gen
******[[Sho Kyu|Shô Kyû]]<!--尚久--> - third son of Shô Gen
*******[[Katsuren Chori|Shô Ken]]<!--尚憲/勝連王子朝利--> - eldest son of Shô Kyû
*******[[Sho Kan|Shô Kan]]<!--尚寛--> - second son of Shô Kyû
*******[[Gushikawa Chori (Sho Tei)|Shô Tei]]<!--尚定・具志川王子朝理--> - third son of Shô Kyû
*******[[Kin Chotei|Shô Sei]] (Kin Chôtei)<!--尚盛・金武王子朝貞--> - fifth son of Shô Kyû
*******[[Sho O|Shô Ô]]<!--尚漚/金武王子朝敦--> - sixth son of Shô Kyû
*******[[Kume Gushikawa Choei|Shô Kyô]] (Kume Gushikawa Chôei)<!--尚享・久米具志川王子朝盈--> - seventh son of Shô Kyû
*******[[Sho Zenku|Shô Zenku]]<!--尚全矩--> - eighth son of Shô Kyû
*******[[Sho Ho|Shô Hô]] (r. 1621-1640) - 8th king of Second Shô Dynasty, fourth son of Shô Kyû
********[[Sho Kyo|Shô Kyô]]<!--尚恭--> - eldest son of Shô Hô
********[[Sho Bun|Shô Bun]]<!--尚文--> - second son of Shô Hô
********[[Sho Ken|Shô Ken]] (r. 1641-1647) - 9th king of Second Shô Dynasty, third son of Shô Hô
********[[Sho Shitsu|Shô Shitsu]] (r. 1648-1668) - 10th king of Second Shô Dynasty, fourth son of Shô Hô
*********[[Sho Koki|Shô Kôki]]<!--尚弘毅--> - second son of Shô Shitsu
*********[[Sho Konin|Shô Kônin]]<!--尚弘仁--> - third son of Shô Shitsu
*********[[Sho Kosai|Shô Kôsai]]<!--尚弘才--> - fourth son of Shô Shitsu
*********[[Sho Kotoku|Shô Kôtoku]]<!--尚弘徳--> - fifth son of Shô Shitsu
*********[[Sho Koshin|Shô Kôshin]]<!--尚弘信--> - sixth son of Shô Shitsu
*********[[Sho Kozen|Shô Kôzen]]<!--尚弘善--> - seventh son of Shô Shitsu
*********[[Sho Tei|Shô Tei]] (r. 1669-1709) - 11th king of Second Shô Dynasty, eldest son of Shô Shitsu
**********[[Tomigusuku Choryo|Shô Kei]] (Tomigusuku Chôryô)<!--尚経・豊見城王子朝良--> - second son of Shô Tei
**********[[Oroku Choki|Shô Mô]] (Oroku Chôki)<!--尚網・小禄朝奇--> - third son of Shô Tei
**********[[Sho Ki|Shô Ki]]<!--尚紀--> - fourth son of Shô Tei
**********[[Sho Jun (1660-1706)|Shô Jun]] - eldest son of Shô Tei
***********[[Noguni Chochoku|Shô Kan]] (Noguni Chôchoku)<!--尚監・野国王子朝直--> - second son of Shô Jun
***********[[Goeku Chotoku|Shô Sei]] (Goeku Chôtoku)<!--尚盛・越来王子朝得--> - third son of Shô Jun
***********[[Sho Eki|Shô Eki]] (r. 1710-1712) - 12th king of Second Shô Dynasty, eldest son of Shô Jun
************[[Chatan Choki|Shô Tetsu]]<!--尚徹・北谷王子朝騎--> - second son of Shô Eki
************[[Sho Kei|Shô Kei]] (r. 1713-1752) - 13th king of Second Shô Dynasty, eldest son of Shô Eki
*************[[Sho Wa|Shô Wa]]<!--尚和--> - second son of Shô Kei
*************[[Sho Boku|Shô Boku]] (r. 1752-1795) - 14th king of Second Shô Dynasty, eldest son of Shô Kei
**************[[Sho To|Shô To]]<!--尚図--> - second son of Shô Boku
**************[[Sho Shu|Shô Shû]]<!--尚周--> - third son of Shô Boku
**************[[Ginowan Chosho|Shô Yô]] (Ginowan Chôshô)<!--尚容・宜野湾朝祥--> - fourth son of Shô Boku
**************[[Sho Kaku|Shô Kaku]]<!--尚恪--> - fifth son of Shô Boku
**************[[Sho Tetsu|Shô Tetsu]]<!--尚哲--> - eldest son of Shô Boku
***************Shô Hô<!--尚法--> - eldest son of Shô Tetsu
***************[[Sho On|Shô On]] (r. 1795-1802) - 15th king of Second Shô Dynasty, second son of Shô Tetsu
****************[[Sho Sei (尚成)|Shô Sei]] (r. 1803-1804) - 16th king of Second Shô Dynasty, eldest son of Shô On
***************[[Sho Ko (尚洽)|Shô Kô]]<!--尚洽・真蒲戸金王子--> - third son of Shô Tetsu
***************[[Sho Ko (尚灝)|Shô Kô]] (r. 1804-1834) - 17th king of Second Shô Dynasty, fourth son of Shô Tetsu
****************[[Sho Yo|Shô Yô]]<!--尚膺--> - second son of Shô Kô
****************[[Ozato Chokyo|Shô Jun]] (Ôzato Chôkyô)<!--尚惇・大里王子朝教--> - third son of Shô Kô
****************[[Sho I (尚怡)|Shô I]]<!--尚怡・真蒲戸金王子--> - fourth son of Shô Kô
****************[[Ie Chochoku|Shô Ken]] (Ie Chôchoku)<!--尚健・伊江王子朝直--> - fifth son of Shô Kô
****************[[Yoshimura Chosho|Shô Ken]] (Yoshimura Chôshô)<!--尚謙・義村王子朝章--> - sixth son of Shô Kô
****************[[Tamagawa Chotatsu|Shô Shin]] (Tamagawa Chôtatsu)<!--尚慎・玉川王子朝達--> - seventh son of Shô Kô
****************Shô Ten<!--尚腆・真蒲戸金王子--> - eighth son of Shô Kô
****************[[Nago Choboku|Shô Shû]] (Nago Chôboku)<!--尚脩、名護王子朝睦--> - ninth son of Shô Kô
****************[[Sho Iku|Shô Iku]] (r. 1835-1847) - 18th king of Second Shô Dynasty, eldest son of Shô Kô
*****************[[Sho Shun|Shô Shun]] - eldest son of Shô Iku
*****************[[Sho Hitsu|Shô Hitsu]]<!--尚弼・今帰仁王子朝敷--> - third son of Shô Iku
*****************[[Sho Tai|Shô Tai]] (r. 1848-1879) - 19th and final king of Second Shô Dynasty, second son of Shô Iku
******************[[Sho Ten|Shô Ten]] - eldest son of Shô Tai, final Crown Prince of Ryûkyû
******************[[Sho In|Shô In]] - second son of Shô Tai
******************Shô Kyô<!--尚興--> - third son of Shô Tai
******************[[Sho Jun (1873-1945)|Shô Jun]] - fourth son of Shô Tai
******************[[Tamagusuku Shoshu|Shô Shû]] (Tamagusuku Shôshû)<!--玉城尚秀--> - fifth son of Shô Tai
******************[[Sho Ko (尚光)|Shô Kô]]<!--尚光--> - sixth son of Shô Tai
******************[[Sho Ji|Shô Ji]]<!--尚時--> - seventh son of Shô Tai
******************[[Sho Masako|Shô Masako]]<!--尚政子--> - daughter of Shô Tai; married [[Kanna Kenwa]]<ref>"Shurijo Castle and Performing Arts," exhibition pamphlet, National Theater Okinawa, October-December 2020.</ref>
==References==
*''Miyakonojô to Ryûkyû ôkoku'' 都城と琉球王国, Miyakonojô Shimazu Residence (2012), 5.
<references/>
[[Category:Ryukyu]]
[[Category:Ryukyu]]
[[Category:Royalty]]
[[Category:Royalty]]
[[Category:Clans]]
[[Category:Clans]]