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*''Born: [[1813]]''
*''Born: [[1813]]/9/12''
*''Titles'': 高里親雲上 ''(Takazato peechin)'', 福地親雲上 ''(Fukuji peechin)'', 御仮屋守 ''(ukaiya mui)''
*''Died: [[1881]]''
*''Titles'': 高里親雲上 ''(Takazato peechin)'', 福地親雲上 ''(Fukuji peechin)''
*''Japanese/Chinese'': [[貝]]唯延 ''(Bai Ien / Bèi wéiyán)''
*''Japanese/Chinese'': [[貝]]唯延 ''(Bai Ien / Bèi wéiyán)''
Bai Ien was the seventh head of the [[Bai family]] of the [[scholar-aristocracy of Ryukyu|scholar-aristocracy]] of [[Naha]].
Bai Ien was the seventh head of the [[Bai family]] of the [[scholar-aristocracy of Ryukyu|scholar-aristocracy]] of [[Naha]].
The second son of sixth family head [[Bai Iki]], he was named heir upon his birth, as his older brother Bai Isuke had died young two years earlier. Bai Ien had his coming-of-age ceremony in [[1817]], at the age of 15, and was named ''gohyôgu atai hissha'' (secretary of equipping soldiers) in [[1835]] (a position he held for 26 months), along with the title of Takazato ''chikudun'' and the rank of ''chikudun zashiki'' (Junior Ninth Rank).
Ien was named ''satôza ôyako'' (deputy head of the Sugar Guild) in [[1862]], and also served for a time as head of the [[Omonogusuku]], the highest position a Naha scholar-bureaucrat could aspire to.
His first son, Bai Ikyô, was born on [[1837]]/5/6. In [[1840]], at the age of 20, Bai Ien was then appointed Naha ''hissha'' - secretary to the ''[[Naha satonushi|Naafa satunushi]]'' who oversaw the four districts of the port-city. He would hold this position for two years, and be reappointed to it for another two-year term beginning in [[1843]]. His second son, Bai Izen, who would later become his successor, was in the meantime born on [[1842]]/10/18.
In [[1844]], Bai Ien came to serve as ''ukaiya mui'', a position within the [[Satsuma han]] resident office in the city, under former ''[[zaiban bugyo|zaiban bugyô]]'' [[Kawaminami Jiroemon|Kawaminami Jirôemon]]<!--汾陽次郎右衛門-->. Two years later, in conjunction with European ships beginning to call at the port, Bai Ien served as ''kasôyori hissha'' for eight months, and as ''bettô'' to Satsuma official [[Niiro Shiroemon|Niiro Shirôemon]]<!--新納四郎右衛門-->.
His first two daughters, Umitû and Magami, were born on [[1847]]/7/1 and [[1848]]/9/25. Beginning in [[1849]], Bai Ien served as secretary (''hissha'') at the [[Shinoboseza]] for 12 months, and then as Naha ''yori hissha'' for 23 months. On [[1851]]/6/1, when Bai Ien was 39 years old, his third son, Bai Iga, was born. A month later, on 7/3, his eldest son, Ikyô, died. Now age 40, Bai Ien served a term of 15 months, beginning in [[1852]], as ''bettô'' to Satsuma official [[Kawakami Shikibu]]<!--川上式部-->, followed by a term of 33 months as ''bettô'' to ''zaiban bugyô'' [[Tanigawa Jirobee|Tanigawa Jirôbee]]<!--谷川次郎兵衛-->.
In [[1856]], he was named secretary (''hissha'') to the [[Sugar]] Guild (''satôza''), a position he held for 13 months. Upon being named ''[[oyamise]] ôyako'' in [[1857]], a position he held for six years, he was granted the title Takazato ''chikudun peechin'', and was elevated to such a rank that he could now for the first time wear a yellow ''[[hachimaki]]'' court cap. That same year, he served for four months as ''zakensha''.
The following year, his father died on [[1858]]/5/12, and Ien inherited his positions as head of the Bai family, and ''[[jito (Ryukyu)|jitô]]'' of [[Henoko]] in Kushi ''[[magiri]]'', along with the title of Takasato ''peechin''. Ien was later named ''jitô'' of Fukuji in Kyan ''magiri'', with the title of Fukuji ''peechin''. That year, he began a 22-month term as ''ukaiya mui'' under [[Shimazu Tatewaki]],<ref>Unclear who this was, as "Shimazu Tatewaki" was not a specific name, but an honorific title given to accomplished samurai. Steven Carter, ''The Columbia Anthology of Japanese Essays: Zuihitsu from the Tenth to the Twenty-First Century'' (Columbia University Press, 2014), 160n2.</ref> and was elevated to the rank of ''setô zashiki'' (Junior Sixth Rank). He continued to serve as ''ukaiya mui'' after that, for a term of 33 months under ''zaiban bugyô'' [[Ichiki Jijuro|Ichiki Jijûrô]]<!--市来次十郎-->, beginning in [[1859]], and then in [[1862]] was named ''satôza ôyako'' (deputy head of the Sugar Guild), a position he would hold for 13 months. In [[1863]], at the age of 51, he was elevated to full ''zashiki'' (Junior Fourth) rank, and served as Naha ''yokome'' for six months. The following year, he began a three-year position as Yamato ''yokome'', while simultaneously serving a 21-month term as ''fuda aratame Naha-chô nushitori''.
His second daughter, Magami, died on [[1867]]/9/17. The following year, he worked for six months as ''sashihiki kakari'' of the four districts of Naha, overseeing the collection of metal objects to be given up to Satsuma. In [[1869]], he served as Naha ''kasô subete yokome'' for a time, and in [[1873]], he was named ''jitô'' of Fukuji village in Kyan ''magiri'', along with the title of Fukuji ''peechin''. While the [[Ryukyu Kingdom|Ryûkyû Kingdom]] was [[Ryukyu shobun|dismantled]] over the course of the 1870s, much of the local administrative structures, aristocratic titles, and so forth were permitted to remain in place, under the policy of ''[[kyukan onzon|kyûkan onzon]]''; it is unclear how this might have affected, for example, the Bai family.
Bai Ien died in [[1881]], and was succeeded as head of the Bai family by his second son, Bai Izen.
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|- align="center"
|- align="center"
|width="32%"|Preceded by:<br>[[Bai Iki]]
|width="32%"|Preceded by:<br>[[Bai Iki]]
|width="35%"|'''Head of [[Bai family]]'''<br> [[1858]]-?
|width="35%"|'''Head of [[Bai family]]'''<br> [[1858]]-[[1881]]
|width="32%"|Succeeded by:<br>'''[[Bai Izen]]'''
|width="32%"|Succeeded by:<br>'''[[Bai Izen]]'''
|}
|}
==References==
==References==
*''Naha shizoku no isshô'' 那覇士族の一生 (Naha: Naha City Museum of History, 2010).
*''Naha shizoku no isshô'' 那覇士族の一生 (Naha: Naha City Museum of History, 2010).
<references/>
[[Category:Ryukyu]]
[[Category:Ryukyu]]
[[Category:Nobility]]
[[Category:Nobility]]
[[Category:Bakumatsu]]
[[Category:Bakumatsu]]
