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− | [[Image:Maeda_mon.jpg|left|thumb|The Maeda kamon.]] | + | [[File:Maeda-jinbaori.jpg|right|thumb|320px|An 18th or early 19th century ''[[jinbaori]]'' bearing the Maeda crest]] |
| + | * ''Japanese'': [[前田]] 家 ''(Maeda ke)'' |
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− | The Maeda of [[Owari province|Owari]] claimed [[Fujiwara clan|Fujiwara]] descent. They rose to prominince under [[Oda Nobunaga]] and then [[Toyotomi Hideyoshi]] and by [[1598]] were one of the most powerful families in Japan, controlling three of the provinces of the Hokuriku region, [[Kaga province]], [[Noto province]], and [[Etchu province]]. Their seat was [[Kanazawa]] in Kaga. Although they lost some of their wealth in the wake of the [[Sekigahara Campaign]], they remained powerful throughout the Edo Period. | + | The origins of the Maeda clan is not known, though in Toshiie's time it was said they descended from [[Sugawara Michizane]], hence the plum-blossom family crest. However, historically they came from the village of Arako (now in Nagoya City) in [[Owari province]]. |
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| + | Maeda Toshiie served [[Oda Nobunaga]], fighting under Nobunaga's general [[Shibata Katsuie]] in the [[Hokuriku]], and was given land in [[Echizen province]], then in [[Noto province]]. After surrendering to [[Toyotomi Hideyoshi|Hideyoshi]] in [[1583]] he was given land in [[Kaga province]] that included Kanazawa. Kanazawa was to the the seat of the clan for almost 300 years. In 1585 he was also given land in [[Etchu province|Etchû province]]. |
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| + | Toshiie's son Toshinaga sided with [[Tokugawa Ieyasu]] during the [[Battle of Sekigahara|Sekigahara]] campaign and received the areas of Kaga that he did not have already. Thus, during the [[Edo period]] the Maeda clan ruled the three provinces of Kaga, Noto, and Etchû, which meant that their ''[[kokudaka]]'' was over one million ''[[koku]]'' (百万石), the largest among the ''daimyô''. When Maeda Toshitsune retired he established branch houses through two of his younger sons and created sub-fiefs for them--[[Daishoji han|Daishôji]] 大聖寺 (70,000 ''koku'') in Kaga and [[Toyama han|Toyama]] 富山 (100,000 ''koku'') in Etchû. These fiefs continued thus until the [[Meiji Restoration]]. |
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| + | The Maeda clan was a ''[[tozama]]'' clan, but it was considered close to the shogunate, and the head was entitled to use the name "[[Matsudaira clan|Matsudaira]]," the name of [[Matsudaira clan|Tokugawa branch families]], ceremonially. |
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| + | ==Selected Clan Members== |
| + | {|align=center cellpadding="3" cellspacing="1" style="border:1px solid black; background-color: #e7e8ff;" |
| + | |- align=center bgcolor=#990000 |
| + | |<font color="#FFFFFF">Members of the Maeda clan |
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| + | *[[Maeda Toshiie]] 利家 (1538-1599) <br> |
| + | The founder of the clan |
| + | *[[Maeda Toshiharu (d. 1560)]] 利春 <br> |
| + | Father of Toshiie |
| + | *[[Maeda Matsu]] (Hôshun-in) 芳春院 (まつ) (1547-1617) <br> |
| + | Wife of Toshiie |
| + | *[[Jufuku-in]] (Chiyo) 寿福院 (1570-1631)<br> |
| + | Concubine of Toshiie, mother of Toshitsune |
| + | *[[Maeda Toshinaga]] 利長 (1562-1614) <br> |
| + | Eldest son and successor of Toshiie |
| + | *[[Maeda Toshimasa]] 利政 (1578-1633)<br> |
| + | Second son of Toshiie; sided against Ieyasu in 1600 |
| + | *[[Maeda Toshitsune]] 利常 (1593-1658)<br> |
| + | Son of Toshiie; adopted son and successor of Toshinaga |
| + | *[[Tama-hime]] 珠姫 (1599-1622) <br> |
| + | Also known as Nene-hime 子々姫. Daughter of [[Tokugawa Hidetada]]; married Toshitsune in [[1601]]. |
| + | *[[Maeda Mitsumasa]] (1613-1645)<br> |
| + | Son of Toshitsune; lord of [[Toyama han]] |
| + | *[[Maeda Toshiharu (d. 1660)|Maeda Toshiharu]] 利治 (1618-1660) <br> |
| + | Son of Toshitsune; lord of [[Daishoji han|Daishôji han]] |
| + | |} |
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| ==References== | | ==References== |
− | {{biodict}}
| + | * 国史大辞典, 国史大辞典編集委員会/編 吉川弘文館 1988.<br> Kokushi Daijiten (The Great Dictionary of National History), Kokushi Daijiten Editorial Committee. |
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| ==Resources== | | ==Resources== |
| The following link has digital copies and partial transcriptions of several lists of samurai of the Maeda clan (加賀藩の侍帳) | | The following link has digital copies and partial transcriptions of several lists of samurai of the Maeda clan (加賀藩の侍帳) |
| http://www.library.pref.ishikawa.jp/toshokan/dglib/samurai/ | | http://www.library.pref.ishikawa.jp/toshokan/dglib/samurai/ |
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| [[Category:Clans]] | | [[Category:Clans]] |