Changes

Adam Laxman was sent as an official envoy from Russia to repatriate a number of Japanese castaways, and to negotiate for trade relations with Japan.

Adam Laxman was sent as an official envoy from Russia to repatriate a number of Japanese castaways, and to negotiate for trade relations with Japan.

He arrived at [[Nemuro]], on the eastern point of [[Ezo]] (Hokkaidô Island), in [[1792]]/9, and met with officials of [[Matsumae han]], requesting from them permission to travel to [[Edo]] to repatriate [[Daikokuya Kodayu|Daikokuya Kôdayû]] and a number of other castaways, and to negotiate for trading permissions. Matsumae officials stalled and kept Laxman in Ezo while [[Matsudaira Sadanobu]] and the other shogunate leaders decided what to do. In the summer of [[1793]], Laxman was granted permission to travel to [[Nagasaki]], where such negotiations could take place. In the meantime, Daikokuya and his comrades were sent to Edo, where they were interrogated in an audience with [[Shogun]] [[Tokugawa Ienari]].

Traveling aboard a ship called the ''Ekaterina'',<ref>Gallery labels, Hokkaido Museum.[https://www.flickr.com/photos/toranosuke/52227215685/sizes/l/]</ref> he arrived at [[Nemuro]], on the eastern point of [[Ezo]] (Hokkaidô Island), in [[1792]]/9, and met with officials of [[Matsumae han]], requesting from them permission to travel to [[Edo]] to repatriate [[Daikokuya Kodayu|Daikokuya Kôdayû]] and a number of other castaways, and to negotiate for trading permissions. Matsumae officials stalled and kept Laxman in Ezo while [[Matsudaira Sadanobu]] and the other shogunate leaders decided what to do. In the summer of [[1793]], Laxman was granted permission to travel to [[Nagasaki]], where such negotiations could take place. In the meantime, Daikokuya and his comrades were sent to Edo, where they were interrogated in an audience with [[Shogun]] [[Tokugawa Ienari]].

Laxman never traveled to Nagasaki himself, but had his permit passed along to [[Nikolai Rezanov]], who attempted to use it to enter Nagasaki harbor in [[1804]].

Laxman never traveled to Nagasaki himself, but had his permit passed along to [[Nikolai Rezanov]], who attempted to use it to enter Nagasaki harbor in [[1804]].

{{stub}}

{{stub}}

==References==

==References==

*Robert Hellyer, ''Defining Engagement'', Harvard University Press (2009), 98.

*Robert Hellyer, ''Defining Engagement'', Harvard University Press (2009), 98.

[[Category:Foreigners]]

[[Category:Foreigners|Laxman]]

[[Category:Diplomats]]

[[Category:Diplomats|Laxman]]

[[Category:Edo Period]]

[[Category:Edo Period|Laxman]]