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*''Established: c. [[1592]]; [[1611]]; [[1897]]''
*''Established: c. [[1592]]; [[1611]]; [[1897]]''
*''Other Names'': 慶運宮 ''(Gyeongungung)''
*''Korean'': 徳壽宮 ''(Deoksugung)''
*''Korean'': 徳壽宮 ''(Deoksugung)''
==Joseon==
==Joseon==
When the Joseon royal palaces were destroyed in the [[1592]] [[Hideyoshi's invasions of Korea|samurai invasions of Korea]], [[King Seonjo]] (r. [[1567]]-[[1608]]) relocated to a collection of mansions of royal relatives and high-ranking court officials, making this site a kingly royal palace for the first time, albeit a temporary one. After [[Toyotomi Hideyoshi|Toyotomi Hideyoshi's]] armies were defeated and driven out of Korea, [[Changdeokgung Palace]] was built as the new main royal palace. In [[1611]], [[Prince Gwanghae]] (acting occupant of the throne, r. 1608-[[1623]]), relocated to the newly-built Changdeokgung, renaming Seonjo's temporary palace Gyeongungung and making it one of his secondary palaces.
When the Joseon royal palaces were destroyed in the [[1592]] [[Hideyoshi's invasions of Korea|samurai invasions of Korea]], [[King Seonjo]] (r. [[1567]]-[[1608]]) relocated to a collection of mansions of royal relatives and high-ranking court officials, making this site a kingly royal palace for the first time, albeit a temporary one. After [[Toyotomi Hideyoshi|Toyotomi Hideyoshi's]] armies were defeated and driven out of Korea, [[Changdeokgung Palace]] was built as the new main royal palace. In [[1611]], [[Prince Gwanghae]] (acting occupant of the throne, r. 1608-[[1623]]), relocated to the newly-built Changdeokgung, renaming Seonjo's temporary palace Gyeongungung (慶運宮, "Carrying Congratulation Palace") and making it one of his secondary palaces.
As in royal, imperial, and shogunal palaces across the region, the southern gate of Gyeongungung Palace was the main gate. It was known as Inhwamun (仁化門, "Gate of Becoming Humane").
==Great Han Empire==
==Great Han Empire==
==Empire of Japan==
==Empire of Japan==
Korea became a protectorate of the [[Empire of Japan]] in [[1905]] and then a colony in [[1910]]; Gojong formally abdicated the throne and declared the end of the Korean Empire in [[1907]], retaining Gyeongungung as his retirement palace and renaming it Deoksugung.
Korea became a protectorate of the [[Empire of Japan]] in [[1905]] and then a colony in [[1910]]; Gojong formally abdicated the throne and declared the end of the Korean Empire in [[1907]], retaining Gyeongungung as his retirement palace and renaming it Deoksugung (Virtue and Fortune Palace). At this time, the eastern-facing gate, known as Daeanmun (大安門, "Great Tranquility Gate"), was renamed Daihanmun (大漢門, "Great Korea Gate") and made the main gate of the palace.
As Japanese colonial authorities altered and developed Seoul, they demolished a number of the palace buildings to make way for widened city streets. Roughly one-third of what remained - areas known as Seonwonjeon and Jungmyeongjeon - was then sold off. More buildings were demolished in 1933, and what still remained was made a public park.
As Japanese colonial authorities altered and developed Seoul, they demolished a number of the palace buildings to make way for widened city streets. Roughly one-third of what remained - areas known as Seonwonjeon and Jungmyeongjeon - was then sold off. More buildings were demolished in 1933, and what still remained was made a public park.
==Today==
==Today==
Today, the center of the palace grounds, known as Junghwajeon, along with several Western-style buildings, survive and are maintained as a historic site.
Today, the center of the palace grounds, known as Junghwajeon, along with several Western-style buildings, survive and are maintained as a historic site.
As at other Korean palaces, the main gate leads directly to a small bridge; crossing the bridge was seen as symbolically purifying those who crossed over the water, as they entered into the palace complex.
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