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* ''Born: [[1846]]''
[[File:Iemochi-grave.JPG|right|thumb|400px|Grave of Tokugawa Iemochi at [[Zojo-ji|Zôjô-ji]] in Tokyo]]
* ''Died: [[1866]]''
* ''Birth: [[1846]]''
* ''Titles:Jusanmi Sakonoe Chujo,Shonii Gondainagon, Naidaijin, Ukonoe Taisho, Seii Taishogun, Juichii, Udaijin, Zoshoichii Dajodaijin ''
* ''Death: [[1866]]''
* ''Childhood Name: Kikuchiyo''
* ''Titles: Sakonoe Chûjô, Gondainagon, Naidaijin, Ukonoe Taishô, Seii Taishôgun, Udaijin, Dajô daijin ''
* Japanese:徳川家茂 ''(Tokugawa Iemochi)''
* ''Childhood Names'': 菊千代 ''(Kikuchiyo)'', 慶福 ''(Yoshitomi)''
* ''Japanese'': [[徳川]]家茂 ''(Tokugawa Iemochi)''
Tokugawa Iemochi was born in the Kishu Tokugawa residence in Edo, 1846.
Tokugawa Iemochi was the 14th shogun of the [[Tokugawa shogunate]].
{{stub}}
He was born in the [[Kishu Tokugawa Edo mansion|Kishû Tokugawa residence in Edo]] in [[1846]], and became the head of the [[Kishu Tokugawa clan|Kishû Tokugawa clan]] at age four.
At the time of his ''[[genpuku]]'' in [[1851]], Kikuchiyo was granted a character from the name of Shogun [[Tokugawa Ieyoshi]] and took on the name Yoshitomi; at that same time, he was elevated to the Junior Third Rank and granted the title of Sakonoe Chûjô.<ref>Ishin Shiryô Kôyô 維新史料綱要, vol 1 (1937), 327.</ref>
There was a faction that supported the somewhat older, more experienced, [[Tokugawa Yoshinobu]] (b. [[1837]]) as successor to the shogun [[Tokugawa Iesada|Iesada]], but when Iesada died in [[1858]], the 12-year-old Yoshitomi became the 14th Tokugawa Shogun by the recommendation of [[Ii Naosuke]]. He was succeeded as lord of Wakayama by [[Tokugawa Mochitsugu|Matsudaira Yorihisa]], son of [[Matsudaira Yorisato]], lord of [[Saijo han|Saijô han]],<ref>Ishin Shiryô Kôyô 維新史料綱要, vol 2 (1937), 598.</ref> and very shortly afterward changed his name to Iemochi.
This was during the [[Bakumatsu period]], and the shogunate was facing both domestic troubles and foreign pressures. The shogunate pursued marriage between the Tokugawa line and the Imperial court, a policy known as ''[[kobu gattai|kôbu gattai]]'' ("union of court and military"), in the hopes of appeasing the ''sonnô jôi'' ("Revere the Emperor, Expel the Barbarians") extremists. In [[1862]], Iemochi and Princess [[Kazu-no-Miya]] (younger sister of [[Emperor Komei|Emperor Kômei]]) wedded in a magnificent ceremony, the most visible show of the ''kôbu gattai'' policy.
The following year, in [[1863]], Iemochi visited [[Kyoto]] at the request (or demand) of the Imperial Court, the first visit by a shogun to the Imperial city since that of [[Tokugawa Iemitsu]] over two hundred years earlier. He originally intended to travel by steamship, a notable break from precedent, but in the aftermath of the [[Namamugi Incident]], shogunate officials were concerned about the danger posed by the British Royal Navy, and so Iemochi traveled overland, accompanied by an entourage of some 3,000 men,<ref>"Gojôraku goyô kakari gubu oyakunin tsuke," gallery label, National Museum of Japanese History.[https://www.flickr.com/photos/toranosuke/16053429182/sizes/l]</ref> including the [[Roshigumi|Rôshigumi]] (the future [[Shinsengumi]]). Like Iemitsu before him, Iemochi presented gifts of gold and silver coin or bars to the Court, and distributed a large volume as well amongst the local populace, as a show of shogunal magnanimity and benevolence.<ref>Daniele Lauro, "Displaying authority: Guns, political legitimacy, and martial pageantry in Tokugawa Japan, 1600 - 1868," MA Thesis, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill (2013), 31.</ref> This journey, along with the shogun's visits to the [[Koganehara]] hunting grounds, were depicted in popular [[printing and publishing|woodblock prints]] through a conceit, replacing Iemochi with [[Minamoto no Yoritomo]].<ref>[[Kurushima Hiroshi]], presentation at "[http://www.hawaii.edu/asiaref/japan/event2013/Index.htm#symposium Interpreting Parades and Processions of Edo Japan]" symposium, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 11 Feb 2013.</ref> The shogun did employ a steamship, however, on his return voyage to Edo.<ref>Oliver Statler, ''Japanese Inn'', University of Hawaii Press (1961), 268.</ref>
In [[1866]], during the [[second Choshu expedition]], Iemochi died in [[Osaka castle]]. His body was returned to Edo by ship, much as he had come to Osaka to begin with.<ref>Kurushima Hiroshi, “Morisuna, makisuna, kazari teoke, hôki, kinsei ni okeru chisô no hitotsu toshite” 盛砂・蒔砂・飾り手桶・箒 : 近世における「馳走」の一つとして, ''Shigaku zasshi'' 95:8 (1986), 1351.</ref> His grave is at [[Zojo-ji|Zôjô-ji]], in Tokyo.
<center>
{| border="3" align="center"
|- align="center"
|width="32%"|Preceded by:<br>[[Tokugawa Iesada]]
|width="35%"|'''[[Tokugawa shogunate|Shogun]]'''<br> [[1858]]-[[1866]]
|width="32%"|Succeeded by:<br>'''[[Tokugawa Yoshinobu]]'''
|}
</center>
==References==
*''Tokugawa Iemochi: The Life and Times of the 14th Shogun'', Tokugawa Memorial Foundation, 2007.
<references/>
[[Category:Samurai]]
[[Category:Samurai]]
[[Category:Edo Period]]
[[Category:Edo Period]]
[[Category:Bakumatsu]]
