Changes

The death of [[Shimazu Tatsuhisa]] in [[1474]] led to increased tensions and conflict between factions of the clan led by [[Shimazu Kunihisa]] and [[Shimazu Suehisa]], and by [[1484]], outright war broke out in southern Kyushu, in conjunction with conflicts between [[Isaku Hisatoshi]] and [[Niiro Tadatsugu]]. [[Kimotsuki Kanehisa]] rose up in rebellion in [[1506]], contributing to the decision of [[Shimazu Tadamasa]], clan head at that time, to commit suicide the following year.<ref name=takatsu255/>

The death of [[Shimazu Tatsuhisa]] in [[1474]] led to increased tensions and conflict between factions of the clan led by [[Shimazu Kunihisa]] and [[Shimazu Suehisa]], and by [[1484]], outright war broke out in southern Kyushu, in conjunction with conflicts between [[Isaku Hisatoshi]] and [[Niiro Tadatsugu]]. [[Kimotsuki Kanehisa]] rose up in rebellion in [[1506]], contributing to the decision of [[Shimazu Tadamasa]], clan head at that time, to commit suicide the following year.<ref name=takatsu255/>

Beginning in [[1550]], [[Shimazu Takahisa]], along with his sons [[Shimazu Yoshihisa|Yoshihisa]] and [[Shimazu Yoshihiro|Yoshihiro]], expanded the clan's domains considerably. By [[1574]], they had secured control of Satsuma province by defeating the [[Shibuya clan|Shibuya]] and [[Hishigari clan]]s, and Ôsumi province by defeating the [[Kimotsuki clan|Kimotsuki]], [[Kamo clan|Kamo]], and [[Ijichi clan]]s. They defeated the [[Ito clan|Itô clan]] in [[1577]] to claim control over parts of Hyûga province, and [[Otomo Sorin|Ôtomo Sôrin]] the following year, at the [[battle of Mimigawa]]. The Shimazu had even defeated [[Sagara Giyo|Sagara Giyô]] and [[Ryuzoji Takanobu|Ryûzôji Takanobu]] of [[Higo province|Higo]] and [[Hizen province]]s, expanding into northern Kyushu, before they suffered defeats at the hands of [[Toyotomi Hideyoshi]], whose [[1587]] [[Kyushu Campaign]] ended in him securing control of the entire island.<ref name=reimei/> In preparing banquets for Hideyoshi, and receiving or entertaining him otherwise, the Shimazu, though proud of having upheld older samurai traditions, were forced more than ever before to adopt and perform newer forms of elite samurai practices.<ref name=shoko/>

Beginning in [[1550]], [[Shimazu Takahisa]], along with his sons [[Shimazu Yoshihisa|Yoshihisa]] and [[Shimazu Yoshihiro|Yoshihiro]], expanded the clan's domains considerably. By [[1574]], they had secured control of Satsuma province by defeating the [[Shibuya clan|Shibuya]] and [[Hishigari clan]]s, and Ôsumi province by defeating the [[Kimotsuki clan|Kimotsuki]], [[Kamo clan|Kamo]], and [[Ijichi clan]]s. They defeated the [[Ito clan|Itô clan]] in [[1577]] to claim control over parts of Hyûga province, and [[Otomo Sorin|Ôtomo Sôrin]] the following year, at the [[battle of Mimigawa]]. In [[1586]], Yoshihisa led forces against the Ôtomo in [[Bungo province]], while Yoshihiro attacked Bungo from [[Higo province]], and their youngest brother [[Shimazu Iehisa]] moved in from Hyûga. They quickly isolated the Ôtomo's vassals, and before long seized most, if not all, of the Ôtomo territory. They even defeated an allied force of Ôtomo and [[Toyotomi Hideyoshi|Toyotomi]] forces to keep moving forward after the [[battle of Hetsugigawa]]. The Shimazu then also defeated [[Sagara Giyo|Sagara Giyô]] and [[Ryuzoji Takanobu|Ryûzôji Takanobu]] of Higo and [[Hizen province]]s, and expanded into northern Kyushu, but began to find themselves stretched far too thin, financially, just as Toyotomi Hideyoshi began, in [[1587]], to challenge them for control of Kyushu. Before the Shimazu were able to complete their conquest of the island, they began to suffer defeats, and Hideyoshi's [[Kyushu Campaign]] ended in him securing control of the entire island.<ref name=reimei/><ref>"[http://www.shuseikan.jp/word/sengoku07.html Bungo seme]," ''Satsuma Shimazu-ke no rekishi'', Shôkoshûseikan official website.</ref> In preparing banquets for Hideyoshi, and receiving or entertaining him otherwise, the Shimazu, though proud of having upheld older samurai traditions, were forced more than ever before to adopt and perform newer forms of elite samurai practices.<ref name=shoko/>

The Shimazu remained a powerful house through the end of the [[Edo Period]], controlling [[Satsuma han]], with a ''[[kokudaka]]'' of 770,000 ''[[koku]]'', the second-largest of any domain (''[[han]]''). Members of the family continued to be powerful and influential in government and business from the [[Meiji period]] onwards, through the 20th century and today.

Though officially allied with the Western Army in the [[battle of Sekigahara]] (against [[Tokugawa Ieyasu]]), neither [[Shimazu Tadatsune|Shimazu Iehisa (Tadatsune)]] nor his brother [[Shimazu Yoshihisa]] actually contributed to the battle.<ref>''Honjin ni tomatta daimyô tachi'', Toyohashi, Aichi: Futagawa-juku honjin shiryôkan (1996), 24.</ref> As a result - and, likely, due to the Shimazu house's great power and the remote location of their holdings - they were permitted by Ieyasu to retain their territories under the newly-established Tokugawa hegemony. Heads of the Shimazu met with Ieyasu at [[Fushimi castle]] in [[1602]], affirming their loyalty and being confirmed in their holdings in return; Tadatsune (Iehisa) and Yoshihisa then met with Ieyasu and Hidetada at Fushimi in [[1605]] to formally declare their loyalty to Hidetada, and were received in audience by Hidetada at [[Edo castle]] in [[1607]], reaffirming their loyalty once again and marking the beginning of a regular pattern of [[sankin kotai|alternate attendance journeys to Edo]], several years before it was declared mandatory for a wider subset of the ''daimyô''.<ref>''Honjin ni tomatta daimyô tachi'', 75.</ref> The Shimazu thus remained a powerful house through the end of the [[Edo Period]], controlling [[Satsuma han]], with a ''[[kokudaka]]'' of 770,000 ''[[koku]]'', the second-largest of any domain (''[[han]]''). Members of the family continued to be powerful and influential in government and business from the [[Meiji period]] onwards, through the 20th century and today.

==Prominent Members of the Shimazu clan<ref>''Kaiyô kokka Satsuma'' 海洋国家薩摩, Kagoshima: Shôkoshûseikan (2010), 58-59.</ref>==

==Prominent Members of the Shimazu clan<ref>''Kaiyô kokka Satsuma'' 海洋国家薩摩, Kagoshima: Shôkoshûseikan (2010), 58-59.</ref>==

***********[[Shimazu Tadayoshi (Soshu)|Shimazu Tadayoshi]] (Sôshû clan), son of Yoshihisa

***********[[Shimazu Tadayoshi (Soshu)|Shimazu Tadayoshi]] (Sôshû clan), son of Yoshihisa

*********[[Shimazu Tomohisa]], son of Tadakuni, progenitor of Sôshû clan<ref>相州家, not to be confused with the Shimazu Sôshû family (総州家) mentioned above.</ref>

*********[[Shimazu Tomohisa]], son of Tadakuni, progenitor of Sôshû clan<ref>相州家, not to be confused with the Shimazu Sôshû family (総州家) mentioned above.</ref>

**********[[Shimazu Yokihisa]], son of Tomohisa

**********[[Shimazu Yukihisa (Soshu)|Shimazu Yukihisa]], son of Tomohisa

***********[[Shimazu Tadayoshi (Nisshin)|Shimazu Tadayoshi]], adopted son of Yokihisa

***********[[Shimazu Tadayoshi (Nisshin)|Shimazu Tadayoshi]], adopted son of Yukihisa

************Tadayoshi's sons [[Shimazu Takahisa]], [[Shimazu Naohisa]], [[Shimazu Tadamasa (1520-1561)|Shimazu Tadamasa]]

************Tadayoshi's sons [[Shimazu Takahisa (15th c.)]], [[Shimazu Naohisa]], [[Shimazu Tadamasa (1520-1561)|Shimazu Tadamasa]]

*************[[Shimazu Yukihisa (1560-1610)]], aka Mochihisa, son of Tadamasa

*************[[Shimazu Yukihisa (1560-1610)]], aka Mochihisa, son of Tadamasa

**************Mochihisa's sons [[Shimazu Akihisa]] and [[Shimazu Tadaoki]]

**************Mochihisa's sons [[Shimazu Akihisa]] and [[Shimazu Tadaoki]]

*************[[Shimazu Toshihisa]], son of Takahisa, progenitor of the Hioki Shimazu

*************[[Shimazu Toshihisa]], son of Takahisa, progenitor of the Hioki Shimazu

*************[[Shimazu Yoshihisa]] (1533-1611), son of Takahisa, 16th family head

*************[[Shimazu Yoshihisa]] (1533-1611), son of Takahisa, 16th family head

*************[[Shimazu Yoshihiro]] (1535-1619), son of Takahisa, 17th family head

*************[[Shimazu Yoshihiro]] (1535-1619), son of Takahisa, 17th family head

**************[[Shimazu Hisayasu]], son of Yoshihiro

**************[[Shimazu Hisayasu]], son of Yoshihiro