Changes

The ''[[Kyuyo|Kyûyô]]'' suggests there was outright armed revolt against his taking the throne. According to that text, in [[1592]] Shô Nei responded to the uprising by dispatching [[Ikegusuku Anrai]] (Mô Hôgi) and [[Mabuni Anko|Mabuni Ankô]] (Kin Ôshô) to head a force to attack "the Jana family of Shuri Saishû." It is unclear exactly who, or where, this family was, but the kingdom's forces attacked the home with Chinese-style gunpowder weapons known as ''[[Firearms in Ryukyu|hyaa]]'' ("fire arrows") and ultimately defeated the Jana family forces.<ref>Smits, ''Maritime Ryukyu'', 144.</ref>

The ''[[Kyuyo|Kyûyô]]'' suggests there was outright armed revolt against his taking the throne. According to that text, in [[1592]] Shô Nei responded to the uprising by dispatching [[Ikegusuku Anrai]] (Mô Hôgi) and [[Mabuni Anko|Mabuni Ankô]] (Kin Ôshô) to head a force to attack "the Jana family of Shuri Saishû." It is unclear exactly who, or where, this family was, but the kingdom's forces attacked the home with Chinese-style gunpowder weapons known as ''[[Firearms in Ryukyu|hyaa]]'' ("fire arrows") and ultimately defeated the Jana family forces.<ref>Smits, ''Maritime Ryukyu'', 144.</ref>

Meanwhile, Japanese warlord [[Toyotomi Hideyoshi]] planned an [[Korean Invasions|invasion of Korea]]. Through messengers from Satsuma, he ordered that the kingdom contribute warriors to the invasion efforts, and was refused; he also commanded that Ryûkyû temporarily suspend its official missions to China. The mission traveled to [[Beijing]] anyway, on business relating to Shô Nei's formal [[investiture]], and related Hideyoshi's plans to Chinese Court officials there. A short while later, Shô Nei sent a missive to Hideyoshi, as was customary upon the installation of a new ruler. He formally congratulated Hideyoshi on having taken over Japan, and on bringing peace and prosperity to the realm, and sent along with the missive a gift of [[Ming]] [[lacquerware]]. The letter referred to Ryûkyû as a "small and humble island kingdom <nowiki>[which]</nowiki>, because of its great distance and because of lack of funds, has not rendered due reverence to you."<ref>Kerr, George H. (2000). ''Okinawa: The History of an Island People''. (revised ed.) Boston: Tuttle Publishing. p153.</ref> [[Shimazu Yoshihisa]], lord of Satsuma, then suggested that Ryûkyû be allowed to supply food and other supplies instead of manpower. Hideyoshi accepted this proposal, but Shô Nei ignored it, and sent no supplies.

Meanwhile, Japanese warlord [[Toyotomi Hideyoshi]] planned an [[Korean Invasions|invasion of Korea]]. Through messengers from Satsuma, he ordered in [[1591]] that the kingdom contribute warriors and food supplies to the invasion efforts; he also commanded that Ryûkyû temporarily suspend its official missions to China. The next scheduled [[tribute]] mission traveled to [[Beijing]] later that same year anyway, and related Hideyoshi's plans to Chinese Court officials in [[Fujian province]], if not in Beijing as well. A short while later, Shô Nei sent a missive to Hideyoshi, as was customary upon the installation of a new ruler. He formally congratulated Hideyoshi on having taken over Japan, and on bringing peace and prosperity to the realm, and sent along with the missive a gift of [[Ming dynasty|Ming]] [[lacquerware]]. The letter referred to Ryûkyû as a "small and humble island kingdom <nowiki>[which]</nowiki>, because of its great distance and because of lack of funds, has not rendered due reverence to you."<ref>Kerr, George H. (2000). ''Okinawa: The History of an Island People''. (revised ed.) Boston: Tuttle Publishing. p153.</ref> [[Shimazu Yoshihisa]], lord of Satsuma, then suggested that Ryûkyû be allowed to supply food and other supplies instead of manpower. Hideyoshi accepted this proposal, but Shô Nei sent supplies only at a later time, sending some food supplies in early [[1593]], and the rest that summer; Shimazu forces in Korea meanwhile suffered from a lack of supplies.<ref>Smits, ''Maritime Ryukyu'', 215.</ref>

Following Hideyoshi's death in 1598, and [[Tokugawa Ieyasu]]'s subsequent rise to power, Shô Nei was asked by Satsuma to formally submit to the new shogunate, a request which was also ignored.

 

Ryûkyû continued to inform Beijing about Hideyoshi's second planned invasion of Korea in 1597, and of Hideyoshi's death in [[1598]]. The following year, court official [[Jana Teido|Jana Teidô]] traveled to China to officially request investiture for Shô Nei, but he (perhaps knowingly) failed to bring the necessary documents proving Shô Nei's legitimacy. Another official, [[Sai Kei]], was then dispatched in [[1601]] to request investiture again, and after rejecting a suggestion that Ming martial officials be sent to perform the ceremony, Sai managed to convince the Ming court to agree to send civil officials as per usual.<ref name=smits216/>

 

Following [[Tokugawa Ieyasu]]'s subsequent rise to power, Shô Nei was asked by Satsuma to formally submit to the new shogunate. Shô Nei continued to resist, or to delay, as he had with Hideyoshi's demands as well.

Satsuma invaded Ryûkyû in the beginning of 1609, and Shô Nei surrendered on the fifth day of the fourth lunar month<ref name=Smits>Smits, Gregory (1999). ''Visions of Ryukyu: Identity and Ideology in Early-Modern Thought and Politics''. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press. pp15–19.</ref>. Shô Nei was taken, along with a number of his officials, to [[Sunpu]] to meet with the retired [[Shogun]] Tokugawa Ieyasu,<ref>A record of the ritual procedures (式覚, ''shiki no oboe'') observed in this meeting is held at the Yamaguchi Prefectural Archives.</ref>, to whom he presented a number of gifts. At that same meeting, Ieyasu bestowed honors on [[Shimazu Iehisa]] in recognition of his successful conquest. Shô Nei and Iehisa met with Ieyasu again a week or so later, for a banquet and ''[[sarugaku]]'' performance at [[Sunpu castle]].<ref>"Shizuoka wo aruku" 静岡を歩く, ''Momoto'' モモト 14 (April 2013), n.p.</ref>

Satsuma invaded Ryûkyû in the beginning of 1609, and Shô Nei surrendered on the fifth day of the fourth lunar month<ref name=Smits>Smits, Gregory (1999). ''Visions of Ryukyu: Identity and Ideology in Early-Modern Thought and Politics''. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press. pp15–19.</ref>. Shô Nei was taken, along with a number of his officials, to [[Sunpu]] to meet with the retired [[Shogun]] Tokugawa Ieyasu,<ref>A record of the ritual procedures (式覚, ''shiki no oboe'') observed in this meeting is held at the Yamaguchi Prefectural Archives.</ref>, to whom he presented a number of gifts. At that same meeting, Ieyasu bestowed honors on [[Shimazu Iehisa]] in recognition of his successful conquest. Shô Nei and Iehisa met with Ieyasu again a week or so later, for a banquet and ''[[sarugaku]]'' performance at [[Sunpu castle]].<ref>"Shizuoka wo aruku" 静岡を歩く, ''Momoto'' モモト 14 (April 2013), n.p.</ref>