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*''Japanese'': 博多 ''(Hakata)''
Hakata, today part of modern-day [[Fukuoka City]], was the chief port on [[Kyushu]] throughout the pre-modern period (up until the imposition of [[maritime restrictions]] by the [[Tokugawa shogunate]] in the 1630s). In the [[Heian period]], it was the only port in the [[Japanese archipelago]] where the Heian [[Imperial court]] officially permitted foreign trade, though many other ports saw vibrant unofficial trade (i.e. smuggling) throughout the period.
An official lodging known as the [[Korokan|Kôrôkan]] was maintained in Hakata in the [[Heian period]] to house foreign merchants. For much of the Heian period, Chinese and Korean merchants were restricted to this compound, but by the end of the period a Chinese community had become established in the port city.<ref>Geoffrey Gunn, ''History Without Borders: The Making of an Asian World Region, 1000-1800'', Hong Kong University Press (2011), 213.</ref>
The [[Shofuku-ji|Shôfuku-ji]] in the city is sometimes said to have been the first [[Zen]] temple ever established in Japan.<ref>Timon Screech, ''Obtaining Images'', University of Hawaii Press (2012), 116-117.</ref>
In the [[Edo period]], the neighboring [[jokamachi|castle-town]] of Fukuoka was the seat of the ruling ''daimyô'' of the [[Kuroda clan]]; the two cities eventually merged, by the end of the period. The Kuroda appointed ''[[machi bugyo|machi bugyô]]'' (town magistrates) to oversee the administration of the two cities.<ref>Arne Kalland, ''Fishing Villages in Tokugawa Japan'', University of Hawaii Press (1995), 20.</ref> As it was such a major port, a number of [[han|domains]], such as [[Tsushima han]], maintained offices in the city.<ref>Robert Hellyer, ''Defining Engagement'', Harvard University Press (2009), 91-92.</ref>
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==References==
<references/>
[[Category:Cities and Towns]]
Hakata, today part of modern-day [[Fukuoka City]], was the chief port on [[Kyushu]] throughout the pre-modern period (up until the imposition of [[maritime restrictions]] by the [[Tokugawa shogunate]] in the 1630s). In the [[Heian period]], it was the only port in the [[Japanese archipelago]] where the Heian [[Imperial court]] officially permitted foreign trade, though many other ports saw vibrant unofficial trade (i.e. smuggling) throughout the period.
An official lodging known as the [[Korokan|Kôrôkan]] was maintained in Hakata in the [[Heian period]] to house foreign merchants. For much of the Heian period, Chinese and Korean merchants were restricted to this compound, but by the end of the period a Chinese community had become established in the port city.<ref>Geoffrey Gunn, ''History Without Borders: The Making of an Asian World Region, 1000-1800'', Hong Kong University Press (2011), 213.</ref>
The [[Shofuku-ji|Shôfuku-ji]] in the city is sometimes said to have been the first [[Zen]] temple ever established in Japan.<ref>Timon Screech, ''Obtaining Images'', University of Hawaii Press (2012), 116-117.</ref>
In the [[Edo period]], the neighboring [[jokamachi|castle-town]] of Fukuoka was the seat of the ruling ''daimyô'' of the [[Kuroda clan]]; the two cities eventually merged, by the end of the period. The Kuroda appointed ''[[machi bugyo|machi bugyô]]'' (town magistrates) to oversee the administration of the two cities.<ref>Arne Kalland, ''Fishing Villages in Tokugawa Japan'', University of Hawaii Press (1995), 20.</ref> As it was such a major port, a number of [[han|domains]], such as [[Tsushima han]], maintained offices in the city.<ref>Robert Hellyer, ''Defining Engagement'', Harvard University Press (2009), 91-92.</ref>
{{stub}}
==References==
<references/>
[[Category:Cities and Towns]]
