Changes

The first objective of Japanese rule in Korea was to consolidate power and attempt to eliminate the ability of the people to mount effective resistance. Among the steps taken towards this objective were the establishment of Japanese in advisory posts within the Korean army, followed by the downsizing of the army and its eventual dismantling in [[1907]], at which time the best Korean officers were then incorporated into the Japanese army. Peattie compares the resulting mutinies amongst Korean soldiers to the [[1877]] [[Satsuma Rebellion]], in which samurai rose up against the destruction of their elite warrior class; both were powerfully and successfully suppressed by the Imperial Japanese Army. Other major objectives in the earliest stages included the establishment of telegraph lines, railroads, a postal system, and telephone lines, integrating Korea into the Japanese domestic communications and transportation systems.<ref>Duus, 141.</ref>

The first objective of Japanese rule in Korea was to consolidate power and attempt to eliminate the ability of the people to mount effective resistance. Among the steps taken towards this objective were the establishment of Japanese in advisory posts within the Korean army, followed by the downsizing of the army and its eventual dismantling in [[1907]], at which time the best Korean officers were then incorporated into the Japanese army. Peattie compares the resulting mutinies amongst Korean soldiers to the [[1877]] [[Satsuma Rebellion]], in which samurai rose up against the destruction of their elite warrior class; both were powerfully and successfully suppressed by the Imperial Japanese Army. Other major objectives in the earliest stages included the establishment of telegraph lines, railroads, a postal system, and telephone lines, integrating Korea into the Japanese domestic communications and transportation systems.<ref>Duus, 141.</ref>

Japanese rule in Korea continued to inspire Korean resistance, which led to open rebellion in [[1908]] to [[1910]]. The assassination of Itô Hirobumi in [[1909]] by activist [[An Jung-geun]] spurred Japanese authorities to move forward with the culmination of plans already underway to formally annex Korea; this they did the following year, marking the end of Korea as "protectorate" and the beginning of Korea as "colony." A formal treaty, signed on August 29, 1910,<ref>Yokoyama Manabu 横山学, ''Ryûkyû koku shisetsu torai no kenkyû'' 琉球国使節渡来の研究, Tokyo: Yoshikawa kôbunkan (1987), 7.</ref> ended the [[Korean Empire]] and the monarchy, and established the Governor-Generalship of Korea. Numerous placenames were officially changed, including referring to Korea as ''Chôsen'', [[Pyongyang]] as Heijô, and Seoul as Keijô.

Japanese rule in Korea continued to inspire Korean resistance, which led to open rebellion in [[1908]] to [[1910]]. The assassination of Itô Hirobumi in [[1909]] by activist [[An Jung-geun]] spurred Japanese authorities to move forward with the culmination of plans already underway to formally annex Korea; this they did the following year, marking the end of Korea as "protectorate" and the beginning of Korea as "colony." A formal treaty, signed on August 22, 1910,<ref>Gallery labels, Gonnyeonghap Hall, Gyeongbokgung Palace, Seoul.[https://www.flickr.com/photos/toranosuke/36580196645/in/photostream/]</ref> ended the [[Korean Empire]] and the monarchy, and established the Governor-Generalship of Korea. Numerous placenames were officially changed, including referring to Korea as ''Chôsen'', [[Pyeongyang]] as Heijô, and Seoul as Keijô.

==Colony (1910-1945)==

==Colony (1910-1945)==