Changes

''[[Wakadoshiyori]]'' were appointed for the first time in [[1633]]. That same year, Iemitsu issued further bans on [[Christianity]]; implemented changes to the [[red seal ships]] system requiring captains to now carry a ''hôsho'' license from the ''[[roju|rôjû]]''; and issued regulations regarding inheritance/succession practices among merchants and artisans. This might be taken as representative of many other years of Iemitsu's reign, as various policies were shifted, or first implemented, setting precedents and standards that would in many cases be followed for the remainder of the [[Edo period]].

''[[Wakadoshiyori]]'' were appointed for the first time in [[1633]]. That same year, Iemitsu issued further bans on [[Christianity]]; implemented changes to the [[red seal ships]] system requiring captains to now carry a ''hôsho'' license from the ''[[roju|rôjû]]''; and issued regulations regarding inheritance/succession practices among merchants and artisans. This might be taken as representative of many other years of Iemitsu's reign, as various policies were shifted, or first implemented, setting precedents and standards that would in many cases be followed for the remainder of the [[Edo period]].

Iemitsu visited Kyoto in 1634, for the occasion of the accession of his niece to the Imperial throne as [[Empress Meisho|Empress Meishô]]. This was not Iemitsu's first trip to Kyoto; he went there in 1623 with his father and received a [[Ayutthaya|Siamese]] diplomatic mission at [[Fushimi castle]], and traveled to Kyoto with his father again in [[1626]]. This 1634 visit, however, would be the last shogunal journey to the Imperial capital until [[Tokugawa Iemochi]] in [[1863]], nearly 230 years later. While there, he enjoyed audiences with Empress Meishô and Retired [[Emperor Go-Mizunoo]], and received [[Ryukyuan missions to Edo|ambassadors]] from the [[Ryukyu Kingdom|Ryûkyû Kingdom]]. Sometime later, Iemitsu dispersed many of the secondary buildings of the Nijô castle complex as gifts to Buddhist temples across the realm, reducing the impression of shogunal presence in the city.

Iemitsu visited Kyoto in 1634, for the occasion of the accession of his niece to the Imperial throne as [[Empress Meisho|Empress Meishô]]. This was not Iemitsu's first trip to Kyoto; he went there in 1623 with his father and received a [[Ayutthaya|Siamese]] diplomatic mission at [[Fushimi castle]], and traveled to Kyoto with his father again in [[1626]]. In total, it was the ninth time a Tokugawa shogun had gone to Kyoto to meet with the Emperor.<ref>Watanabe Kazutoshi 渡辺和敏, "Sankin kôtai to honjin" 参勤交代と本陣, Honjin ni tomatta daimyô tachi 本陣に泊まった大名たち, Toyohashi, Aichi: Futagawa-juku honjin shiryôkan (1996), 50.</ref> This 1634 visit, however, would be the last shogunal journey to the Imperial capital until [[Tokugawa Iemochi]] in [[1863]], nearly 230 years later. While there, he enjoyed audiences with Empress Meishô and Retired [[Emperor Go-Mizunoo]], and received [[Ryukyuan missions to Edo|ambassadors]] from the [[Ryukyu Kingdom|Ryûkyû Kingdom]]. Sometime later, Iemitsu dispersed many of the secondary buildings of the Nijô castle complex as gifts to Buddhist temples across the realm, reducing the impression of shogunal presence in the city.

The following year, in [[1635]], Iemitsu oversaw the limiting of [[Chinese in Nagasaki|Chinese ships]] to [[Nagasaki]], the issuing of bans on Japanese overseas travel, a further fixing of the responsibilities of various Magistrates (''[[bugyo|bugyô]]'') in the service of the shogunate, the repromulgation of the ''[[buke shohatto]]'' (Various Laws for Warrior Households), and the implementation of the use of the term ''Nihon-koku [[taikun]]'' instead of ''Nihon kokuô'' ("King of Japan") in diplomatic exchanges. That year also saw Iemitsu judge allegations regarding falsified diplomatic documents in the [[Yanagawa Affair]].

The following year, in [[1635]], Iemitsu oversaw the limiting of [[Chinese in Nagasaki|Chinese ships]] to [[Nagasaki]], the issuing of bans on Japanese overseas travel, a further fixing of the responsibilities of various Magistrates (''[[bugyo|bugyô]]'') in the service of the shogunate, the repromulgation of the ''[[buke shohatto]]'' (Various Laws for Warrior Households), and the implementation of the use of the term ''Nihon-koku [[taikun]]'' instead of ''Nihon kokuô'' ("King of Japan") in diplomatic exchanges. That year also saw Iemitsu judge allegations regarding falsified diplomatic documents in the [[Yanagawa Affair]].