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Rinzai Zen was strongly patronized by the [[Hojo clan (Hojo Regents)|Hôjô clan]] during the [[Kamakura period]]; many of the most prominent Zen temples in [[Kamakura]] have a connection to the Hôjô. [[Kencho-ji|Kenchô-ji]] was the first temple to be established in Japan as a Zen temple,<ref>It is not the first Zen temple to be established in the country, temples founded under a different sect having previously been converted to Zen use.</ref> being founded in [[1253]] by the [[Song Dynasty]] monk [[Lanxi Daolong]], who was invited by [[Hojo Tokiyori|Hôjô Tokiyori]] for that purpose. Lanxi Daolong then became the first monk to be recognized as a Zen master by a Japanese emperor, and Kenchô-ji is regarded as the first among the Five Mountains (Five Zen Temples) of Kamakura (''[[Kamakura Gosan]]'').<ref>Plaques on-site at Kenchô-ji; and "[http://www.kamakura-burabura.com/meisyokitakamakurakentyouji.htm Kenchô-ji]." Kamakura-Burabura.com　鎌倉ぶらぶら.</ref> Many of these temples were founded with the aid of Chinese Chán masters who fled to Japan from a China in the process of being conquered by the [[Yuan Dynasty|Mongols]]. Settling in Kamakura, they brought a cosmopolitanism that the warrior city had theretofore lacked, but even as the Hôjô and others built what remain today some of the most famous and prominent Zen temples in the country, Eisai and Dôgen had only limited impact during their lives, and Zen only really began to catch on a generation or two later. Though often mistakenly represented as enjoying a grand blossoming and widespread following almost immediately, along with the other new Buddhist sects of the Kamakura period - [[Nichiren Buddhism]] and [[Jodo-shu|Pure Land Buddhism]] - Zen initially had to compromise with the dominant Buddhist establishment, or establish itself out in remote areas, in order to gain traction, and did not see considerable success for several generations at least.

Rinzai Zen was strongly patronized by the [[Hojo clan (Hojo Regents)|Hôjô clan]] during the [[Kamakura period]]; many of the most prominent Zen temples in [[Kamakura]] have a connection to the Hôjô. [[Kencho-ji|Kenchô-ji]] was the first temple to be established in Japan as a Zen temple,<ref>It is not the first Zen temple to be established in the country, temples founded under a different sect having previously been converted to Zen use.</ref> being founded in [[1253]] by the [[Song Dynasty]] monk [[Lanxi Daolong]], who was invited by [[Hojo Tokiyori|Hôjô Tokiyori]] for that purpose. Lanxi Daolong then became the first monk to be recognized as a Zen master by a Japanese emperor, and Kenchô-ji is regarded as the first among the Five Mountains (Five Zen Temples) of Kamakura (''[[Kamakura Gosan]]'').<ref>Plaques on-site at Kenchô-ji; and "[http://www.kamakura-burabura.com/meisyokitakamakurakentyouji.htm Kenchô-ji]." Kamakura-Burabura.com　鎌倉ぶらぶら.</ref> Many of these temples were founded with the aid of Chinese Chán masters who fled to Japan from a China in the process of being conquered by the [[Yuan Dynasty|Mongols]]. Settling in Kamakura, they brought a cosmopolitanism that the warrior city had theretofore lacked, but even as the Hôjô and others built what remain today some of the most famous and prominent Zen temples in the country, Eisai and Dôgen had only limited impact during their lives, and Zen only really began to catch on a generation or two later. Though often mistakenly represented as enjoying a grand blossoming and widespread following almost immediately, along with the other new Buddhist sects of the Kamakura period - [[Nichiren Buddhism]] and [[Jodo-shu|Pure Land Buddhism]] - Zen initially had to compromise with the dominant Buddhist establishment, or establish itself out in remote areas, in order to gain traction, and did not see considerable success for several generations at least.

The [[Ashikaga shogunate|Ashikaga shoguns]], like the Hôjô before them, were great patrons of Zen. [[Tenryu-ji|Tenryû-ji]], today considered first among the Five Mountains (Five Zen Temples) of Kyoto (''[[Kyoto Gozan]]''), was founded by the first Ashikaga shogun, [[Ashikaga Takauji]], in [[1339]]. [[Kinkaku-ji]], originally built by [[Ashikaga Yoshimitsu]] in [[1397]] as his private retirement villa, and [[Ginkaku-ji]], built by his grandson [[Ashikaga Yoshimasa]] in the 1480s, both later became Zen temples. Ashikaga Yoshimitsu also employed Zen monks as envoys to China; in this capacity, they played a key role in establishing [[tribute]]/[[kango boeki|tally trade]] relations between Japan and [[Ming Dynasty]] China.

The [[Ashikaga shogunate|Ashikaga shoguns]], like the Hôjô before them, were great patrons of Zen. [[Tenryu-ji|Tenryû-ji]], today considered first among the Five Mountains (Five Zen Temples) of Kyoto (''[[Kyoto Gozan]]''), was founded by the first Ashikaga shogun, [[Ashikaga Takauji]], in [[1339]]. [[Kinkaku-ji]], originally built by [[Ashikaga Yoshimitsu]] in [[1397]] as his private retirement villa, and [[Ginkaku-ji]], built by his grandson [[Ashikaga Yoshimasa]] in the 1480s, both later became Zen temples. Ashikaga Yoshimitsu also employed Zen monks as envoys to China; in this capacity, they played a key role in establishing [[tribute]]/[[kango boeki|tally trade]] relations between Japan and [[Ming Dynasty]] China. Under the Ashikaga, the "Five Mountain" system, originally established by the Hôjô as merely an honorary designation for prominent temples, was made more systematic, and roughly three hundred Zen temples associated with the shogunate or Imperial court came to be incorporated into the system, ranked into three tiers and administered within a hierarchy under the five lead temples of Kamakura and Kyoto. Meanwhile, small Zen temples located in more remote regions, and in commercial towns, began to pop up; known as [[Rinka Zen]] temples, these institutions were chiefly sites of ''zazen'' meditation, and of local religious services. They were popular among merchants, lower-ranking samurai, and peasants who sought simplified rituals, and religious services such as exorcisms, blessings, and funerals.

The [[Obaku|Ôbaku]] sect of Zen was introduced to Japan in the 17th century, as [[Chinese in Nagasaki]] helped to bring a group of monks from China to help establish the first Japanese Ôbaku temple, the [[Manpuku-ji]] in [[Uji]].<ref>[[Marius Jansen]], ''China in the Tokugawa World'', Harvard University Press (1992), 10.</ref> Its presence in Japan was first established by Yǐnyuán Lóngqí, known as [[Ingen]] in Japanese, head of the temple of Wanfu-si (J: Manpuku-ji) on Mt. Huangbo (J: Ôbaku) in [[Fujian province]] at that time; invited by Japanese Rinzai monks to come to Japan to help revive Rinzai, which had fallen into decline, Ingen initially refused, but was later invited to come to Japan by members of the Nanjing temple in Nagasaki, at which time he came, arriving in Japan in [[1654]]. He and his disciples introduced a new revised ordination ceremony, and taught a more literal interpretation of Buddhist scriptures. After being granted audiences with [[Emperor Go-Mizunoo]] and Shogun [[Tokugawa Ietsuna]], Ingen was granted permission to establish a Manpuku-ji temple in Japan, which he did, employing mostly Chinese workers and completing the project in [[1669]]. The temple remains today likely the finest surviving example of Ming Dynasty architecture in Japan today.<ref>Jansen, 55-56.</ref>

The [[Obaku|Ôbaku]] sect of Zen was introduced to Japan in the 17th century, as [[Chinese in Nagasaki]] helped to bring a group of monks from China to help establish the first Japanese Ôbaku temple, the [[Manpuku-ji]] in [[Uji]].<ref>[[Marius Jansen]], ''China in the Tokugawa World'', Harvard University Press (1992), 10.</ref> Its presence in Japan was first established by Yǐnyuán Lóngqí, known as [[Ingen]] in Japanese, head of the temple of Wanfu-si (J: Manpuku-ji) on Mt. Huangbo (J: Ôbaku) in [[Fujian province]] at that time; invited by Japanese Rinzai monks to come to Japan to help revive Rinzai, which had fallen into decline, Ingen initially refused, but was later invited to come to Japan by members of the Nanjing temple in Nagasaki, at which time he came, arriving in Japan in [[1654]]. He and his disciples introduced a new revised ordination ceremony, and taught a more literal interpretation of Buddhist scriptures. After being granted audiences with [[Emperor Go-Mizunoo]] and Shogun [[Tokugawa Ietsuna]], Ingen was granted permission to establish a Manpuku-ji temple in Japan, which he did, employing mostly Chinese workers and completing the project in [[1669]]. The temple remains today likely the finest surviving example of Ming Dynasty architecture in Japan today.<ref>Jansen, 55-56.</ref>