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Prior to his sojourn in Japan, Thunberg studied not only under Linnaeus at Uppsala University in Sweden, but also at top institutions in Paris and Amsterdam.
Prior to his sojourn in Japan, Thunberg studied not only under Linnaeus at Uppsala University in Sweden, but also at top institutions in Paris and Amsterdam.
In his writings on Japan, Thunberg noted that many Japanese scholars were already familiar with European works on botany and medicine before his arrival, and that knowledge of such matters was not jealously guarded by the government, but was widespread among intellectuals.<ref name=hall>[[John Whitney Hall]], ''Tanuma Okitsugu: Forerunner of Modern Japan'', Harvard University Press (1955), 91.</ref>
While in [[Edo]] for several weeks on the annual VOC mission to the shogunate, Thunberg was visited on several occasions at the [[Nagasaki-ya]] by shogunal physician [[Katsuragawa Hoshu|Katsuragawa Hoshû]] and ''[[Rangaku]]'' scholar [[Nakagawa Jun'an]]. Thunberg is said to established a close relationship with the Japanese scholars, who he called his "beloved students."<ref name=screech333/> The two were among the team which had completed the ''[[Kaitai shinsho]]'' (the first major translation & publication in Japan of a European anatomy book) a few years earlier.
While in [[Edo]] for several weeks on the annual VOC mission to the shogunate, Thunberg was visited on several occasions at the [[Nagasaki-ya]] by shogunal physician [[Katsuragawa Hoshu|Katsuragawa Hoshû]] and ''[[Rangaku]]'' scholar [[Nakagawa Jun'an]]. Thunberg is said to established a close relationship with the Japanese scholars, who he called his "beloved students."<ref name=screech333/> The two were among the team which had completed the ''[[Kaitai shinsho]]'' (the first major translation & publication in Japan of a European anatomy book) a few years earlier.
Following his return to Europe, Thunberg succeeded to Linnaeus' professorial position at Uppsala.
Following his return to Europe, Thunberg succeeded to Linnaeus' professorial position at Uppsala. He continued to successfully exchange letters with some Japanese scholars, despite the shogunate's [[kaikin|seclusion policies]].<ref name=hall/>
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