Changes

*''Chinese'': 遷界 ''(qiānjiè)''

*''Chinese'': 遷界 ''(qiānjiè)''

In [[1657]], the [[Qing Dynasty|Qing Court]] ordered that all coastal activities be halted, and residents be moved further inland. This was in response to the threat of coastal raids by Ming loyalists such as those led by Zheng Chenggong ([[Coxinga]]<!--國姓爺-->). The policy was called ''qianjie'', literally "moving boundaries."

In [[1657]], the [[Qing Dynasty|Qing Court]] ordered that all coastal activities be halted, and residents be moved further inland. This was in response to the threat of coastal raids by Ming loyalists such as those led by [[Zheng Chenggong]]. The policy was called ''qianjie'', literally "moving boundaries."

Coastal industries and maritime trade alike were suspended, spurring considerable discussion among Court bureaucrats and officials as to economic policy and the possible impacts.

Coastal industries and maritime trade alike were suspended, spurring considerable discussion among Court bureaucrats and officials as to economic policy and the possible impacts. One such impact was a severe decline in the influx of Japanese [[silver]] into China, which had been traded for Chinese [[silk]] and other goods, largely on ships controlled by the Ming loyalists, who relied heavily on this trade to support their resistance against the Qing.<ref>[[Marius Jansen]], ''China in the Tokugawa World'', Harvard University Press (1992), 28.</ref>

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==References==

==References==

*Schottenhammer, Angela. "The East Asian maritime world, 1400-1800: Its fabrics of power and dynamics of exchanges - China and her neighbors." in Schottenhammer (ed.) ''The East Asian maritime world, 1400-1800: Its fabrics of power and dynamics of exchanges''. Harrassowitz Verlag, 2007. pp1-83.

*Schottenhammer, Angela. "The East Asian maritime world, 1400-1800: Its fabrics of power and dynamics of exchanges - China and her neighbors." in Schottenhammer (ed.) ''The East Asian maritime world, 1400-1800: Its fabrics of power and dynamics of exchanges''. Harrassowitz Verlag, 2007. pp1-83.

[[Category:Economics]]

[[Category:Economics]]