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Laxman never traveled to Nagasaki himself, but had his permit passed along to [[Nikolai Rezanov]], who attempted to use it to enter Nagasaki harbor in [[1804]].
Laxman never traveled to Nagasaki himself, but had his permit passed along to [[Nikolai Rezanov]], who attempted to use it to enter Nagasaki harbor in [[1804]].
Historian [[Robert Hellyer]] has suggested that the shogunate's rejection of Laxman's requests to trade may have been informed in part by concerns about the financial costs of opening trade relations with a new partner. Laxman's arrival came only two to three years after policies had been put into place to reduce the financial costs to the shogunate of relations with [[Joseon]] Korea and the [[Dutch East India Company]].<ref>Hellyer, 111.</ref>
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==References==
==References==
*Robert Hellyer, ''Defining Engagement'', Harvard University Press (2009), 98.
*Robert Hellyer, ''Defining Engagement'', Harvard University Press (2009), 98.
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[[Category:Foreigners]]
[[Category:Foreigners]]
[[Category:Diplomats]]
[[Category:Diplomats]]
[[Category:Edo Period]]
[[Category:Edo Period]]
