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[[File:Zhouhuang-calligraphy.JPG|right|thumb|200px|A work of calligraphy by Zhou Huang, from the collection of [[Ichikawa Beian]]. [[Tokyo National Museum]].]]
*''Died: [[1785]]''
*''Died: [[1785]]''
*''Chinese/Japanese'': [[周]] 煌 ''(Zhou Huang / Shuu Kou)''
*''Chinese/Japanese'': [[周]] 煌 ''(Zhou Huang / Shuu Kou)''
The envoys were presented by the king of Ryûkyû with a gift of 50,000 ounces of silver, as compensation for the many goods lost in the shipwreck. Upon the embassy's return to China, the Qianlong Emperor ordered that the money be returned, as such a gift imposed a heavy burden on the finances of the small island kingdom, and stated that the envoys should be compensated for their losses out of Fujian public funds; in an audience with the Emperor shortly afterward, however, Quan Kui and Zhou Huang expressed that the silver was given freely by the king, of his own goodwill, and the Emperor reversed his decision. However, learning that several members of the embassy had started fights while in Ryûkyû, and were excessively forceful about trying to unload their goods for trade, the Emperor reversed his decision once again, ordering that the funds be returned to Ryûkyû. Those directly responsible were sentenced - some killed, some beaten and banished. Quan Kui was pardoned, but Zhou Huang was deprived of his title (but not of his post)<ref name=chen/>.
The envoys were presented by the king of Ryûkyû with a gift of 50,000 ounces of silver, as compensation for the many goods lost in the shipwreck. Upon the embassy's return to China, the Qianlong Emperor ordered that the money be returned, as such a gift imposed a heavy burden on the finances of the small island kingdom, and stated that the envoys should be compensated for their losses out of Fujian public funds; in an audience with the Emperor shortly afterward, however, Quan Kui and Zhou Huang expressed that the silver was given freely by the king, of his own goodwill, and the Emperor reversed his decision. However, learning that several members of the embassy had started fights while in Ryûkyû, and were excessively forceful about trying to unload their goods for trade, the Emperor reversed his decision once again, ordering that the funds be returned to Ryûkyû. Those directly responsible were sentenced - some killed, some beaten and banished. Quan Kui was pardoned, but Zhou Huang was deprived of his title (but not of his post)<ref name=chen/>.
A work of calligraphy by Zhou Huang, now in the collection of the [[Tokyo National Museum]], was previously owned by [[Ichikawa Beian]], and reproduced in ''[[shosanrindo shoga bunbo zuroku|Shôsanrindô shoga bunbô zuroku]]'', a woodblock-printed catalog of his collections.
==References==
==References==