Changes

*''Japanese'': 玉陵 ''(Tamaudun)''

*''Japanese'': 玉陵 ''(Tamaudun)''

Tamaudun is the royal mausoleum of the [[Ryukyu Kingdom|Ryûkyû Kingdom]]. It was originally built in [[1501]] by King [[Sho Shin|Shô Shin]].

Tamaudun is the royal mausoleum of the [[Ryukyu Kingdom|Ryûkyû Kingdom]]. It was originally built in [[1501]] by King [[Sho Shin|Shô Shin]] to house the remains of his father, King [[Sho En|Shô En]].

It is located a short distance to the west of [[Shuri castle]], and is included alongside Shuri and other ''[[gusuku]]'' (Okinawan castles) in the 'Gusuku Sites and Related Properties of the Kingdom of Ryukyu' World Heritage Site. The compound consists of three chambers in one large stone building carved directly into the limestone bedrock, located behind two courtyards encircled by stone walls. A pair of guardian statues stand atop the structure.

The mausoleum is located a short distance to the west of [[Shuri castle]], and has been designated a National Cultural Property and Historical Site,<ref>Kadekawa Manabu 嘉手川学 (ed.). ''Okinawa Chanpurû jiten'' 沖縄チャンプルー事典. Yamakei Publishers, 2001. p56.</ref> as well as being included alongside Shuri and other ''[[gusuku]]'' (Okinawan castles) in the 'Gusuku Sites and Related Properties of the Kingdom of Ryukyu' [[World Heritage Sites|World Heritage Site]].<ref>"[http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/972 Gusuku Sites and Related Properties of the Kingdom of Ryukyu]." UNESCO World Heritage Sites official website. 2012.</ref> The compound consists of three chambers in one large stone building carved directly into the limestone bedrock, located behind two courtyards encircled by stone walls. A pair of guardian statues stand atop the structure.

The kings and queens of the Ryûkyû Kingdom are entombed in the eastern chamber, along with a number of crown princes and princesses. Other members of the royal family are entombed in the western chamber, while the central chamber was not intended for permanent entombment, though a single funerary urn containing an unidentified individual's remains does remain there. Rather, the central chamber was used for the ''senkotsu'' ritual. As in traditional Okinawan commoners' funerary ritual, after death a body was placed in the central chamber until all that remained was bones; the bones were then ritually washed, and placed in a funerary urn which would then be entombed permanently in the western or eastern chamber.

The kings and queens of the Ryûkyû Kingdom are entombed in the eastern chamber, along with a number of crown princes and princesses. Other members of the royal family are entombed in the western chamber, while the central chamber was not intended for permanent entombment, though a single funerary urn containing an unidentified individual's remains does remain there. Rather, the central chamber was used for the ''senkotsu'' ritual. As in traditional Okinawan commoners' funerary ritual, after death a body was placed in the central chamber until all that remained was bones; the bones were then ritually washed, and placed in a funerary urn which would then be entombed permanently in the western or eastern chamber.

Every King of Ryûkyû beginning with [[Sho En|Shô En]] (r. [[1470]]-[[1476]]) is entombed at Tamaudun, with one exception. [[Sho Nei|Shô Nei]] (r. [[1587]]-[[1620]]) requested to be buried elsewhere, allegedly because he felt he had dishonored his ancestors by allowing Ryûkyû to fall to [[invasion of Ryukyu|Japanese invasion]] in [[1609]]. Shô Nei was instead entombed at [[Urasoe yodore|Urasoe yôdore]] alongside [[Eiso]] and two other 13th-14th century kings of Okinawa.

Following Tamaudun's completion, Shô En's remains were moved there from a site called Miagemori (見上森), where he had been originally entombed. Every King of Ryûkyû from Shô En onwards is entombed at Tamaudun, with one exception. [[Sho Nei|Shô Nei]] (r. [[1587]]-[[1620]]) requested to be buried elsewhere, allegedly because he felt he had dishonored his ancestors by allowing Ryûkyû to fall to [[invasion of Ryukyu|Japanese invasion]] in [[1609]]. Shô Nei was instead entombed at [[Urasoe yodore|Urasoe yôdore]] alongside [[Eiso]] and two other 13th-14th century kings of Okinawa.

   

   

Crown Prince [[Sho Ten|Shô Ten]] was the last person to be entombed in Tamaudun, in 1920.

Crown Prince [[Sho Ten|Shô Ten]] was the last person to be entombed in Tamaudun, in 1920.

==References==

==References==

*Plaques and museum displays on-site.

*Plaques and museum displays on-site.

[[Category:Ryukyu]]

[[Category:Ryukyu]]

[[Category:Historic Buildings]]

[[Category:Historic Buildings]]