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The Yamato state engaged in active trade and diplomatic relations with the various kingdoms of the Korean peninsula, primarily through locations on Kyushu, and through the islands of [[Tsushima]] and [[Ikishima|Iki]]. In the 660s, plans were made to invade the Korean kingdom of [[Silla]], which was hostile to [[Paekche]] and the [[Gaya Confederacy]] (Mimana), Yamato allies. These plans were scrapped, the invasion never undertaken, but as a result of Yamato fears of Chinese or Korean attacks, a more organized defense was established for Kyushu, centrally managed by an administrative headquarters at [[Dazaifu]], just outside what is today the city of [[Fukuoka]].
The Yamato state engaged in active trade and diplomatic relations with the various kingdoms of the Korean peninsula, primarily through locations on Kyushu, and through the islands of [[Tsushima]] and [[Ikishima|Iki]]. In the 660s, plans were made to invade the Korean kingdom of [[Silla]], which was hostile to [[Paekche]] and the [[Gaya Confederacy]] (Mimana), Yamato allies. These plans were scrapped, the invasion never undertaken, but as a result of Yamato fears of Chinese or Korean attacks, a more organized defense was established for Kyushu, centrally managed by an administrative headquarters at [[Dazaifu]], just outside what is today the city of [[Fukuoka]].
===Kamakura through Sengoku periods===
===Kamakura period===
Dazaifu would remain the central headquarters for the defense and administration of Kyushu for centuries. At the beginning of the [[Kamakura period]] (1185-1333), the position of ''[[Chinzei bugyo|Chinzei bugyô]]''<ref>"Chinzei" (鎮西) is an alternate name for Kyushu. The position was also referred to as ''Chinzei Shugo'' and in later times ''Chinzei Tandai'' or ''Kyûshû Tandai''.</ref> was established. The first ''Chinzei bugyô'' was a samurai by the name of [[Amano Tokage|Amano Tôkage]], appointed in 1186 to oversee the pursuit and elimination of support for the shogun's brother [[Minamoto no Yoshitsune]]. However, the position soon came to be that of the chief officer of Dazaifu; all orders from the shogunate in [[Kamakura]] regarding Kyushu would pass through this headquarters. It is believed that this system came about in part because the shogunate could not rely upon the local lords of Kyushu to follow orders directly without the intermediation of a more direct local presence and authority, in the form of the Dazaifu government.
Dazaifu would remain the central headquarters for the defense and administration of Kyushu for centuries. At the beginning of the [[Kamakura period]] (1185-1333), the position of ''[[Chinzei bugyo|Chinzei bugyô]]''<ref>"Chinzei" (鎮西) is an alternate name for Kyushu. The position was also referred to as ''Chinzei Shugo'' and in later times ''Chinzei Tandai'' or ''Kyûshû Tandai''.</ref> was established. The first ''Chinzei bugyô'' was a samurai by the name of [[Amano Tokage|Amano Tôkage]], appointed in 1186 to oversee the pursuit and elimination of support for the shogun's brother [[Minamoto no Yoshitsune]]. However, the position soon came to be that of the chief officer of Dazaifu; all orders from the shogunate in [[Kamakura]] regarding Kyushu would pass through this headquarters. It is believed that this system came about in part because the shogunate could not rely upon the local lords of Kyushu to follow orders directly without the intermediation of a more direct local presence and authority, in the form of the Dazaifu government.
The Dazaifu headquarters would play a crucial role in the Japanese defense against the [[Mongol invasions]] of [[1274]] and [[1281]]. Forces from all across the archipelago were organized under the command of [[Dazai]] [[Shoni Tsunetsugu|Shôni Tsunetsugu]]. After the first invasion was repelled with the help of a storm which destroyed roughly one-third of the invading force, efforts were made to step up defenses, and a series of walls and fortresses were constructed along the island's northern coast. The Mongol forces were repelled once again in 1281, as samurai made night attacks on the Mongol fleet and refused the invaders a beachhead; much of the Mongol fleet was destroyed in a storm which has come to be known as ''[[kamikaze]]'' (divine wind), and the invasion was called off.
The Dazaifu headquarters would play a crucial role in the Japanese defense against the [[Mongol invasions]] of [[1274]] and [[1281]]. Forces from all across the archipelago were organized under the command of [[Dazai]] [[Shoni Tsunetsugu|Shôni Tsunetsugu]]. After the first invasion was repelled with the help of a storm which destroyed roughly one-third of the invading force, efforts were made to step up defenses, and a series of walls and fortresses were constructed along the island's northern coast. The Mongol forces were repelled once again in 1281, as samurai made night attacks on the Mongol fleet and refused the invaders a beachhead; much of the Mongol fleet was destroyed in a storm which has come to be known as ''[[kamikaze]]'' (divine wind), and the invasion was called off.
Kyushu remained on high alert for some time after, into the 14th century, fearing a third Mongol invasion which never came. The samurai of the island began to ask for compensation for their extensive efforts, and their losses, in repelling the invasions, but the ''bakufu'' had nothing to offer. They were instead told to apply to the ''[[shugo]]'' of the nine provinces, who included members of the [[Shimazu clan|Shimazu]], [[Shibuya clan|Shibuya]], [[Shoni clan|Shôni]] and [[Otomo clan|Ôtomo clans]]. Finally, in [[1294]], the ''bakufu'' declared that the question of rewards or compensation for service in repelling the Mongol invasions closed.
===Muromachi and Sengoku periods===
The [[Ashikaga shogunate]] of the [[Muromachi period]] (1333-1467) is said to have had very little control over Kyushu. Beginning in [[1336]], the shogunate appointed officers to the post of ''[[Kyushu Tandai]]'', a successor to the office of ''Chinzei Bugyô'', which served primarily as a representative of the shogunate to Kyushu, and as an intermediary.
[[Prince Kanenaga]], son of [[Emperor Go-Daigo]], gained power over the various local clans, and by 1365 the entire island was under his control. [[Imagawa Sadayo]] was then appointed ''Kyushu Tandai'' in [[1371]], and began a campaign to ensure the local lords' loyalty to the shogunate, both through military and diplomatic activity. After battling Kanenaga for several years, Sadayo arranged an agreement in [[1374]] with the heads of the Shimazu, Shôni, and Ôtomo clans.
<--Section missing.. I'll be back, unless someone else would like to take it, in which case, please do.-->
All in all, however, the Tandai wielded little real power in comparison to that of the local lords, particularly the Shimazu, who remained largely outside of the control of the shogunate. What little authority the Tandai did wield dwindled and faded after 1400.
*contact with Europe, guns, Christians
*contact with Europe, guns, Christians
*Hideyoshi's Kyushu Campaign
*Hideyoshi's Kyushu Campaign
