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Yoshinobu embarked on reform of the administration with the advice of the [[France|French]] envoy [[Leon Roches|Léon Roches]]. There were also several attempts to form a council of leading [[daimyo]] which would be involved in government. Since until then only the hereditary Tokugawa vassal daimyo (fudai daimyo) had been involved in the administration, this was a major change. However, these plans fell through. Then [[Tosa han]] proposed that the shogun return his political authority to the emperor and head a council of daimyo under the emperor. The shogun would also continue to control the Tokugawa estate. Keiki announced this "Return of Power" ([[Taisei Hokan|Taisei Hôkan]] 大政奉還) in Kyoto on [[1867]]/10/14 and was again entrusted with the government of the nation. But nothing really happened.
Yoshinobu embarked on reform of the administration with the advice of the [[France|French]] envoy [[Leon Roches|Léon Roches]]. There were also several attempts to form a council of leading [[daimyo]] which would be involved in government. Since until then only the hereditary Tokugawa vassal daimyo (fudai daimyo) had been involved in the administration, this was a major change. However, these plans fell through. Then [[Tosa han]] proposed that the shogun return his political authority to the emperor and head a council of daimyo under the emperor. The shogun would also continue to control the Tokugawa estate. Keiki announced this "Return of Power" ([[Taisei Hokan|Taisei Hôkan]] 大政奉還) in Kyoto on [[1867]]/10/14 and was again entrusted with the government of the nation. But nothing really happened.
[[Image:Yoshinobu2.jpg|left|thumb|Tokugawa Yoshinobu, Meiji period]]
Two months later, forces of Satsuma, [[Choshu han|Chôshû]], and several other han announced a Restoration of the Monarchy ([[Osei Fukko|Ôsei Fukko]] 王政復古) and the [[Boshin War]] started. Yoshinobu was defeated in the [[Battle of Toba-Fushimi]] and returned to Edo. When the anti-shogunate forces marched on the city, he decided to surrender, and troops entered the city peacefully on [[1868]]/4/11. Yoshinobu was confined in Mito for a while, but later settled in [[Sunpu]] (Shizuoka-ken), the city where [[Tokugawa Ieyasu|Ieyasu]] had retired to. He was made duke (Kôshaku 公爵) in 1902.
==References==
==References==
