Line 18: |
Line 18: |
| *[[708]] 和銅 Wadô | | *[[708]] 和銅 Wadô |
| | | |
− | ===Nara/Yamato Period 奈良/大和 時代=== | + | ===Nara/Yamato Period 奈良/大和 時代 (710-794)<ref> The period of rule by the imperial court from [[Nara]] 奈良 in [[Yamato province]]. Ususally the period from [[784]] to [[794]] when the capital was in [[Nagaoka-kyo|Nagaoko-kyô]] 長岡京 in [[Yamashiro province]] is also included.</ref>=== |
| | | |
| *[[715]] 霊亀 Reiki | | *[[715]] 霊亀 Reiki |
Line 33: |
Line 33: |
| *[[782]] 延暦 Enryaku | | *[[782]] 延暦 Enryaku |
| | | |
− | ===Heian Period 平安時代=== | + | ===Heian Period 平安時代<ref>The period of rule by the imperial court from Heian-kyô 平安京, that is, [[Kyoto]].</ref>=== |
| | | |
| *[[806]] 大同 Daidô | | *[[806]] 大同 Daidô |
Line 126: |
Line 126: |
| ==Middle Ages 中世 (1185-1573)== | | ==Middle Ages 中世 (1185-1573)== |
| | | |
− | ===Kamakura Period 鎌倉時代 (1185-1333)=== | + | ===Kamakura Period 鎌倉時代 (1185-1333)<ref>The period of rule by the shogunate from Kamakura. Start: establishment of the shogunate by [[Minamoto Yoritomo]] ([[1185]]), end: end of the Kamakura shogunate ([[1333]])</ref>=== |
| | | |
| *[[1185]] 文治 Bunji | | *[[1185]] 文治 Bunji |
Line 178: |
Line 178: |
| *[[1331]] 元弘 Genkô | | *[[1331]] 元弘 Genkô |
| | | |
− | ===Muromachi Period 室町時代 (1333-1573)=== | + | ===Muromachi Period 室町時代 (1333-1573)<ref>The period of the rule of the Ashikaga shoguns from Muromachi in Kyoto. Start: end of the Kamakura Period ([[1333]]), start of the Ashikaga Shogunate ([[1336]]); end: virtual loss of power by the shogunate ([[1377]]), expulsion of the last Ashikaga shogun ([[1573]])</ref>=== |
| | | |
| | | |
Line 242: |
Line 242: |
| | | |
| ==Early Modern Age 近世 (1573-1868)== | | ==Early Modern Age 近世 (1573-1868)== |
− | ===Azuchi-Momoyama 安土桃山 (1573-1603) <ref>Period of rule by [[Oda Nobunaga]] from [[Azuchi castle]] and by [[Toyotomi Hideyoshi]] from [[Fushimi castle]] in Momoyama, Kyoto. Start: Nobunaga's entry into Kyoto ([[1568]]), expulsion of the last [[Ashikaga shogun]] ([[1573]]); end: [[Tokugawa Ieyasu]]'s victory at the [[Battle of Sekigahara]] ([[1600]]), establishment of the [[Tokugawa shogunate]] ([[1603]]), [[Osaka Campaign|fall of Osaka Castle]] ([[1615]])</ref>=== | + | ===Azuchi-Momoyama 安土桃山 (1573-1603) <ref>Period of rule by [[Oda Nobunaga]] from [[Azuchi castle]] and by [[Toyotomi Hideyoshi]] from [[Fushimi castle]] in Momoyama, Kyoto. Start: Nobunaga's entry into Kyoto ([[1568]]), expulsion of the last [[Ashikaga shogun]] ([[1573]]); end: [[Tokugawa Ieyasu]]'s victory at the [[Battle of Sekigahara]] ([[1600]]), establishment of the [[Tokugawa shogunate]] ([[1603]]), [[Osaka Campaigns|fall of Osaka Castle]] ([[1615]])</ref>=== |
| *[[1573]] 天正 Tenshô | | *[[1573]] 天正 Tenshô |
| *[[1592]] 文禄 Bunroku | | *[[1592]] 文禄 Bunroku |
| *[[1596]] 慶長 Keichô | | *[[1596]] 慶長 Keichô |
− | ===Edo Period 江戸時代 (1603-1868)<ref>The period of the rule of the Tokugawa shoguns from [[Edo]]. Start: [[Tokugawa Ieyasu]]'s victory at the [[Battle of Sekigahara]] ([[1600]]), esablishment of the [[Tokugawa shogunate]] ([[1603]]), [[Osaka campaign|fall of Osaka Castle]] ([[1615]]); end: resignation of the last Tokugawa shogun ([[1867]]), start of the Meiji government ([[1868]]). The "Early Edo Period" ended with the death of [[Tokugawa Iemitsu]] in [[1651]].</ref>=== | + | ===Edo Period 江戸時代 (1603-1868)<ref>The period of the rule of the Tokugawa shoguns from [[Edo]]. Start: [[Tokugawa Ieyasu]]'s victory at the [[Battle of Sekigahara]] ([[1600]]), esablishment of the [[Tokugawa shogunate]] ([[1603]]), [[Osaka Campaign|fall of Osaka Castle]] ([[1615]]); end: resignation of the last Tokugawa shogun ([[1867]]), start of the Meiji government ([[1868]]). The "Early Edo Period" ended with the death of [[Tokugawa Iemitsu]] in [[1651]].</ref>=== |
| *[[1615]] 元和 Genna | | *[[1615]] 元和 Genna |
| *[[1624]] 寛永 Kan'ei | | *[[1624]] 寛永 Kan'ei |
Line 277: |
Line 277: |
| *[[1844]] 弘化 Kôka | | *[[1844]] 弘化 Kôka |
| *[[1848]] 嘉永 Kaei | | *[[1848]] 嘉永 Kaei |
− | ====Bakumatsu Period 幕末 <ref> "End of the Shogunate." The period from the arrival of Perry in [[1853]] to the end of the [[Boshin war]] and the establishment of the Meiji government in [[1868]].</ref>==== | + | ====Bakumatsu Period 幕末 <ref> "End of the Shogunate." The period from the arrival of [[Matthew Perry]] in [[1853]] to the end of the [[Boshin War]] and the establishment of the Meiji government in [[1868]].</ref>==== |
| *[[1854]] 安政 Ansei | | *[[1854]] 安政 Ansei |
| *[[1860]] 万延 Man'en | | *[[1860]] 万延 Man'en |
Line 794: |
Line 794: |
| ==Notes== | | ==Notes== |
| <References/> | | <References/> |
| + | |
| + | ==References== |
| + | Nelson, A. N., ''The Modern Reader's Japanese-English Character Dictionary'', Rev. ed., Tuttle, 1966. |
| + | |
| + | ''[[Kojien Dictionary|Kôjien Dictionary]]'' |
| | | |
| [[Category:Resource Articles]] | | [[Category:Resource Articles]] |
| [[Category:Timeline]] | | [[Category:Timeline]] |