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*up until c. 1590 or so, many samurai families pride themselves on genealogies tracing themselves back to Korea or China, connecting them to the continent. After Hideyoshi's invasions, and maybe having to do with some other aspect of Tokugawa rule, samurai families no longer claim foreign descent, but craft Fujiwara, Taira, or Minamoto descent.
 
*up until c. 1590 or so, many samurai families pride themselves on genealogies tracing themselves back to Korea or China, connecting them to the continent. After Hideyoshi's invasions, and maybe having to do with some other aspect of Tokugawa rule, samurai families no longer claim foreign descent, but craft Fujiwara, Taira, or Minamoto descent.
 
**What origins do the Sô of Tsushima claim? Their identity as vassals of the Korean king is fascinatingly unique.
 
**What origins do the Sô of Tsushima claim? Their identity as vassals of the Korean king is fascinatingly unique.
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*[[Shinto shrines]]: in the medieval period, most shrines maintained three priestly positions: a ''kamuzukasa'', or chief priest, who was typically male and who headed administrative duties; a ''negi'', who performed purely religious/priestly/ritual duties including communicating with the ''kami'' and performing shamanistic rituals, and who was typically male, but at certain shrines was always female; and ''hafuri''. - Haruko Nawata Ward, Women Religious Leaders in Japan's Christian Century, Ashgate (2009), 121.
    
*On translation: the 1871 publication of Lord Mitford's ''Tales of Old Japan'' (the first English-language translation of Japanese literature to be widely commercially circulated) represents a shift in how Western newspapers etc. talk about Japanese books - from talking about their illegibility and focusing on the pictures, to now seeing the stories and the language as quaint, exotic, and curious. The illegibility was somehow ominous, threatening, but now that there were experts who could translate, that threat was gone.
 
*On translation: the 1871 publication of Lord Mitford's ''Tales of Old Japan'' (the first English-language translation of Japanese literature to be widely commercially circulated) represents a shift in how Western newspapers etc. talk about Japanese books - from talking about their illegibility and focusing on the pictures, to now seeing the stories and the language as quaint, exotic, and curious. The illegibility was somehow ominous, threatening, but now that there were experts who could translate, that threat was gone.
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