Sando

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  • Date: 1423
  • Author: Zeami
  • Japanese: 三道 (sandou)

Sandô ("Three Paths") is a text on Noh playwriting composed in 1423 by Zeami Motokiyo. It is among his more prominent writings, and his only text explicitly devoted to the topic of playwriting.

The text is divided into three sections:

  1. The Three Paths (sandô), including an introduction, and discussion of the techniques of material (shu), structure (saku), and writing (sho).
  2. The Three Styles (santai), including discussions of the venerable style (rôtai), feminine style (nyotai), and martial style (guntai).
  3. Miscellaneous, including the role of the hôka entertainer, the role of the demon, the ear- and eye-opening, Noh plays for young actors, revision of plays, and the centrality of yûgen