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Born in the village of Tonoura near Obi in [[Hyuga province|Hyûga province]], he is said to have been called a child prodigy in his youth. Bunshi's father, who had the surname Yusa<!--湯左-->, was originally from [[Kawachi province]], but had fled to Hyûga to escape the violence of the [[Sengoku period]]. From the age of six, Bunshi studied [[Nichiren Buddhism]] under a monk named Tentaku at the Enmei-ji in Mei, in Hyûga province. Tentaku introduced him to the monk & Neo-Confucian scholar [[Ichio Genshin|Ichiô Genshin]], and Bunshi took the tonsure, taking on the monastic name Genshô.

Born in the village of Tonoura near Obi in [[Hyuga province|Hyûga province]], he is said to have been called a child prodigy in his youth. Bunshi's father, who had the surname Yusa<!--湯左-->, was originally from [[Kawachi province]], but had fled to Hyûga to escape the violence of the [[Sengoku period]]. From the age of six, Bunshi studied [[Nichiren Buddhism]] under a monk named Tentaku at the Enmei-ji in Mei, in Hyûga province. Tentaku introduced him to the monk & Neo-Confucian scholar [[Ichio Genshin|Ichiô Genshin]], and Bunshi took the tonsure, taking on the monastic name Genshô.

He then traveled to Kyoto in [[1569]], and studied under Kishun Ryûki<!--熈春龍喜, 1511-1594--> at the Ryûgin-an at [[Tofuku-ji|Tôfuku-ji]]. In [[1573]], he returned to Kyushu, and entered the Jingo-ji in [[Osumi province|Ôsumi province]], at Ichiô's suggestion. He was then recommended by Ichiô in [[1481]] for the position of head of Ryûgen-ji in Fukushima in Hyûga, and later became head priest of the Shôrin-ji in Kôyama (Ôsumi), and the Shôju-ji in Takarabe (Hyûga).

He then traveled to Kyoto in [[1569]], and studied under Kishun Ryûki<!--熈春龍喜, 1511-1594--> at the Ryûgin-an at [[Tofuku-ji|Tôfuku-ji]]. In [[1573]], he returned to Kyushu, and entered the Jingo-ji in [[Osumi province|Ôsumi province]], at Ichiô's suggestion. He was then recommended by Ichiô in [[1481]] for the position of head of Ryûgen-ji in Fukushima in Hyûga, and later became head priest of the Shôrin-ji in Kôyama (Ôsumi), and the Shôju-ji in Takarabe (Hyûga). He also studied [[Song Dynasty]] Neo-Confucianism under [[Koka Yuken|Kôka Yûken]]<!--黄友賢/江夏友賢-->, a Chinese scholar who had become a samurai retainer to [[Satsuma han]].<ref>Ono Masako, Tomita Chinatsu, Kanna Keiko, Taguchi Megumi, "Shiryô shôkai Kishi Akimasa bunko Satsuyû kikô," ''Shiryôhenshûshitsu kiyô'' 31 (2006), 247.</ref>

[[Shimazu Yoshihisa]], lord of [[Satsuma han]], invited Bunshi to become his advisor, and head of Shôkô-ji and Ankoku-ji in Ôsumi. He continued to serve the [[Shimazu clan]] as an advisor to Yoshihisa's successor [[Shimazu Yoshihiro]], and Yoshihiro's successor [[Shimazu Iehisa]]. He accompanied Yoshihiro to Kyoto in [[1599]], where he lectured on the [[Great Learning]] at Tôfuku-ji, and was then sent as Yoshihiro's messenger to meet with [[Tokugawa Ieyasu]] at [[Sunpu]] in [[1603]].

[[Shimazu Yoshihisa]], lord of [[Satsuma han]], invited Bunshi to become his advisor, and head of Shôkô-ji and Ankoku-ji in Ôsumi. He continued to serve the [[Shimazu clan]] as an advisor to Yoshihisa's successor [[Shimazu Yoshihiro]], and Yoshihiro's successor [[Shimazu Iehisa]]. He accompanied Yoshihiro to Kyoto in [[1599]], where he lectured on the [[Great Learning]] at Tôfuku-ji, and was then sent as Yoshihiro's messenger to meet with [[Tokugawa Ieyasu]] at [[Sunpu]] in [[1603]].

Under Iehisa, he played a key role in advising policy on [[Satsuma han|Satsuma's]] relations with [[Ryukyu Kingdom|Ryûkyû]], and handling and composing diplomatic documents. His scholarly writings include ''Nanpo bunshû'' (Collected Works of Nanpo), ''Seisekizu washô''<!--聖蹟図和鈔--> (Japanese commentaries on the pictorial biography of [[Confucius]]), ''Nisshû heijiki''<!--日州平治記--> (Record of Pacification of Hyûga), ''Henguron'' ("Essay on the Remedy for an Idiot"), and ''Kesshôki''<!--決勝記--> ("Essay on Spiritual Awakening in [[Zen]]").

Under Iehisa, he played a key role in advising policy on [[Satsuma han|Satsuma's]] relations with [[Ryukyu Kingdom|Ryûkyû]], and handling and composing diplomatic documents. His scholarly writings include ''Nanpo bunshû'' (Collected Works of Nanpo), ''Seisekizu washô''<!--聖蹟図和鈔--> (Japanese commentaries on the pictorial biography of [[Confucius]]), ''Nisshû heijiki''<!--日州平治記--> (Record of Pacification of Hyûga), ''Henguron'' ("Essay on the Remedy for an Idiot"), ''Kesshôki''<!--決勝記--> ("Essay on Spiritual Awakening in [[Zen]]"), and ''Tô Ryûkyû shi narabi ni jo'' ("Verses and Preface on the Chastisement of Ryukyu"). This last work describes the history of the [[Ryukyu Kingdom|Ryûkyû Kingdom]] and the justifications for the [[1609]] Shimazu [[invasion of Ryukyu]].<ref>Gregory Smits, ''Maritime Ryukyu'', University of Hawaii Press (2019), 155.</ref>

Nanpo Bunshi died in [[1620]], and is buried at Ankoku-ji in [[Kajiki]], [[Satsuma province]].

Nanpo Bunshi died in [[1620]], and is buried at Ankoku-ji in [[Kajiki]], [[Satsuma province]]. [[Tomari Jochiku]] was among his most prominent students.

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