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The most common method of dating years in Japan has been by using era names (nengô　年号) such as Genki 3 (元亀三年) [1572] or Heisei 19 (平成十九年) [2007]. <ref>To find the western equivalent of a year expressed in terms of eras, use: [start date] + [year of period] -1. Thus Keichô 5 (慶長五年) = 1596 +5 -1 =1600. </ref> The starts and the names of the eras are determined by the imperial court.<ref>"Private eras" （私年号) are occasionally found in literature or on artifacts. For a list of the major ones see the [[Kojien|Kôjien]].</ref>

The most common method of dating years in Japan has been by using era names (nengô　年号) such as Genki 3 (元亀三年) [1572] or Heisei 19 (平成十九年) [2007]. <ref>To find the western equivalent of a year expressed in terms of eras, use: [start date] + [year of period] -1. Thus Keichô 5 (慶長五年) = 1596 +5 -1 =1600. </ref> The starts and the names of the eras are determined by the imperial court.<ref>"Private eras" （私年号) are occasionally found in literature or on artifacts. For a list of the major ones see the [[Kojien Dictionary|Kôjien]].</ref>

The following is a list of the date of the start of the Japanese eras in chronological order. Note that not all alternate readings of era names have been indicated. For more information read the article on [[Year dates]].  

The following is a list of the date of the start of the Japanese eras in chronological order. Note that not all alternate readings of era names have been indicated. For more information read the article on [[Year dates]].  

"Periods" and "ages" are determined by historians. The general periods are pretty much agreed upon, but usually the start or end involved several pivotal events which could reasonally be said to demarcate the period. For more information, see the notes.  Some vague "periods" as the Sengoku Period <ref>戦国時代, "Period of the Warring Nation" or "Warring Provinces." Start: [[Onin War|Ônin War]] ([[1477]]), [[Hojo Soun|Hôjô Sôun's]] invasion of [[Izu province]] ([[1493]]), or somewhere between; end: [[Oda Nobunaga]]'s entrance into [[Kyoto]] ([[1568]]), [[Toyotomi Hideyoshi]]'s unification of the country ([[1590]]), [[Osaka Campaign|fall of Osaka Castle]] ([[1615]]). </ref> are not listed.  For art periods, see Nelson's ''Dictionary''.

"Periods" and "ages" are determined by historians. The general periods are pretty much agreed upon, but usually the start or end involved several pivotal events which could reasonally be said to demarcate the period. For more information, see the notes.  Some vague "periods" such as the Sengoku Period <ref>戦国時代, "Period of the Warring Nation" or "Warring Provinces." Start: [[Onin War|Ônin War]] ([[1477]]), [[Hojo Soun|Hôjô Sôun's]] invasion of [[Izu province]] ([[1493]]), or somewhere between; end: [[Oda Nobunaga]]'s entrance into [[Kyoto]] ([[1568]]), [[Toyotomi Hideyoshi]]'s unification of the country (with the defeat of the [[Go-Hojo clan|Go-Hôjô clan]] [[1590]]), [[Siege of Osaka Castle|fall of Osaka Castle]] ([[1615]]). </ref> are not listed.  For periods of art history, see Nelson's ''Dictionary''.

===Asuka/Yamato Period 飛鳥／大和　時代===

===Asuka/Yamato Period 飛鳥／大和　時代===

*[[645]] 大化 Taika

*[[645]]-[[645]] 大化 Taika

*[[650]] 白雉 Hakuchi

*[[650]]-[[654]]? 白雉 Hakuchi

*[[686]] 朱鳥 Shuchô

*[[686]]-[[686]]? 朱鳥 Shuchô

*[[701]] 大宝 Taihô

*[[701]]-[[704]] 大宝 Taihô

*[[704]] 慶雲 Keiun

*[[704]]-[[708]] 慶雲 Keiun

*[[708]] 和銅 Wadô

*[[708]]-[[715]] 和銅 Wadô

===Nara/Yamato Period　奈良／大和　時代 (710-794)<ref> The period of rule by the imperial court from [[Nara]] 奈良 in [[Yamato province]]. Ususally the period from [[784]] to [[794]] when the capital was in [[Nagaoka-kyo|Nagaoko-kyô]] 長岡京 in [[Yamashiro province]] is also included.</ref>===

===Nara/Yamato Period　奈良／大和　時代 (710-794)<ref> The period of rule by the imperial court from [[Nara]] 奈良 in [[Yamato province]]. Ususally the period from [[784]] to [[794]] when the capital was in [[Nagaoka-kyo|Nagaoko-kyô]] 長岡京 in [[Yamashiro province]] is also included.</ref>===

*[[985]] 寛和 Kanna

*[[985]] 寛和 Kanna

*[[987]] 永延 Eien

*[[987]] 永延 Eien

*[[988]] 永祚 Eiso

*[[989]] 永祚 Eiso

*[[990]] 正暦 Shôryaku ''(also read as Jôryaku or Shôreki)''

*[[990]] 正暦 Shôryaku ''(also read as Jôryaku or Shôreki)''

*[[995]] 長徳 Chôtoku

*[[995]] 長徳 Chôtoku

|Yôwa||養和||[[1181]]

|Yôwa||養和||[[1181]]

|}

|}

==Notes==

==Notes==

<References/>

<References/>

==References==

==References==

Nelson, A. N., ''The Modern Reader's Japanese-English Character Dictionary'', Rev. ed., Tuttle, 1966.

* Nelson, A. N., ''The Modern Reader's Japanese-English Character Dictionary'', Rev. ed., Tuttle, 1966.

 

* ''[[Kojien Dictionary|Kôjien Dictionary]]''

''[[Kojien Dictionary|Kôjien Dictionary]]''

[[Category:Resource Articles]]

[[Category:Resource Articles]]

[[Category:Timeline]]

[[Category:Timeline]]