Changes

Roughly 42 [[red seal ships]] licenses were issued by the [[Tokugawa shogunate]] for trade with Quang Nam in [[1604]] to [[1616]].<ref>Geoffrey Gunn, ''History Without Borders: The Making of an Asian World Region, 1000-1800'', Hong Kong University Press (2011), 229.</ref> Over the total period from roughly 1590 to 1635, Hoi An constituted about one-quarter of all Japanese overseas trade activity, more than any other single port, and saw as many as ten Japanese ships each year.<ref>Chen Chingho A. ''Historical Notes on Hội An (Faifo)''. Carbondale, Illinois: Center for Vietnamese Studies, Southern Illinois University at Carbondale, (1974), 13.</ref>

Roughly 42 [[red seal ships]] licenses were issued by the [[Tokugawa shogunate]] for trade with Quang Nam in [[1604]] to [[1616]].<ref>Geoffrey Gunn, ''History Without Borders: The Making of an Asian World Region, 1000-1800'', Hong Kong University Press (2011), 229.</ref> Over the total period from roughly 1590 to 1635, Hoi An constituted about one-quarter of all Japanese overseas trade activity, more than any other single port, and saw as many as ten Japanese ships each year.<ref>Chen Chingho A. ''Historical Notes on Hội An (Faifo)''. Carbondale, Illinois: Center for Vietnamese Studies, Southern Illinois University at Carbondale, (1974), 13.</ref>

Though the Japanese community never exceeded a few tens of families - in contrast to the 1,500 Japanese living in [[Ayutthaya]] and in [[Manila]],<ref>Gunn, 222-223.; Uezato Takashi. "The Formation of the Port City of Naha in Ryukyu and the World of Maritime Asia: From the Perspective of a Japanese Network." ''Acta Asiatica'' 95 (2008), 70.</ref> and to the thousands of Chinese in Hoi An<ref>A 1642 report to the Dutch East India Company by a Japanese inhabitant of the port describes a Chinese population of 4,000-5,000 and a Japanese population of 40-50. Laarhoven, Ruurdje (trans.) "A Japanese Resident's Account: Declaration of the Situation of Quinam Kingdom by Francisco, 1642." in Tana Li and Anthony Reid (eds.) ''Southern Vietnam under the Nguyễn: Documents on the Economic History of Cochinchina (Đàng Trong), 1602-1777''. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies (1993), 31.</ref> - the Japanese nevertheless managed to be quite influential within the port's markets. Indeed, the comings and goings of Japanese ships from the port each year caused dramatic cyclical swings in local [[silk]] prices, as the Japanese bought up a great proportion of the newest and best silk, leaving a considerably smaller (and thus higher-priced) supply for Chinese and Dutch merchants.<ref>Tana Li. ''Nguyễn Cochinchina: Southern Vietnam in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries''. Cornell University (1998), 63.</ref> The Japanese merchants of Hoi An also transshipped much of the goods between [[Phnom Penh]] and parts further east.<ref>Gunn, 227-228.</ref>

Though the Japanese community never exceeded a few tens of families - in contrast to the 1,500 Japanese living in [[Ayutthaya]] and in [[Manila]],<ref>Gunn, 222-223.; Uezato Takashi. "The Formation of the Port City of Naha in Ryukyu and the World of Maritime Asia: From the Perspective of a Japanese Network." ''Acta Asiatica'' 95 (2008), 70.</ref> and to the thousands of Chinese in Hoi An<ref>A 1642 report to the Dutch East India Company by a Japanese inhabitant of the port describes a Chinese population of 4,000-5,000 and a Japanese population of 40-50. Laarhoven, Ruurdje (trans.) "A Japanese Resident's Account: Declaration of the Situation of Quinam Kingdom by Francisco, 1642." in Tana Li and Anthony Reid (eds.) ''Southern Vietnam under the Nguyễn: Documents on the Economic History of Cochinchina (Đàng Trong), 1602-1777''. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies (1993), 31.; by 1750, there were perhaps as many as 10,000 Chinese resident in the port, and even fewer Japanese than before. Kang, David C. “Hierarchy in Asian International Relations: 1300-1900.” ''Asian Security'' 1, no. 1 (2005): 69.</ref> - the Japanese nevertheless managed to be quite influential within the port's markets. Indeed, the comings and goings of Japanese ships from the port each year caused dramatic cyclical swings in local [[silk]] prices, as the Japanese bought up a great proportion of the newest and best silk, leaving a considerably smaller (and thus higher-priced) supply for Chinese and Dutch merchants.<ref>Tana Li. ''Nguyễn Cochinchina: Southern Vietnam in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries''. Cornell University (1998), 63.</ref> The Japanese merchants of Hoi An also transshipped much of the goods between [[Phnom Penh]] and parts further east.<ref>Gunn, 227-228.</ref>

Though the Dutch only first arrived in the port in [[1633]], just two years before the Tokugawa shogunate imposed [[maritime restrictions]] banning Japanese from overseas activity, for the short period that Japanese and Dutch coexisted in the city, Japanese hesitancy to sell to the Dutch (instead dealing almost exclusively with Chinese, Vietnamese, and fellow Japanese) had profound impacts on Dutch access to Hoi An silks.<ref>Robert Innes, "The Door Ajar: Japan's Foreign Trade in the Seventeenth Century." PhD diss. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan (1980), 187-188.</ref>

Though the Dutch only first arrived in the port in [[1633]], just two years before the Tokugawa shogunate imposed [[maritime restrictions]] banning Japanese from overseas activity, for the short period that Japanese and Dutch coexisted in the city, Japanese hesitancy to sell to the Dutch (instead dealing almost exclusively with Chinese, Vietnamese, and fellow Japanese) had profound impacts on Dutch access to Hoi An silks.<ref>Robert Innes, "The Door Ajar: Japan's Foreign Trade in the Seventeenth Century." PhD diss. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan (1980), 187-188.</ref>