Difference between revisions of "1875"

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==Timeline of 1875==
 
==Timeline of 1875==
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*1875/4/10 The [[Meiji Emperor]] and the [[Daijo-kan|Daijô-kan]] (Council of State) establish Japan's first national decoration in the European style, the [[Order of the Rising Sun]].
 +
*1875/5/7 [[Treaty of St. Petersburg (1875)|Treaty of St. Petersburg]] - Japan's territorial agreements with [[Russia]] are revised; the [[Kuril Islands]] become Japanese territory, in exchange for Japanese renunciation of claims to [[Sakhalin]].
 +
 +
===[[Ryukyu Shobun|Ryûkyû Shobun]]===
 
*1875/3 Okinawan [[tribute]] mission is dispatched to China.
 
*1875/3 Okinawan [[tribute]] mission is dispatched to China.
 +
*1875/3/17 A series of statements by French legal advisor to the Meiji government [[Gustave Emile Boissonade]] on the matter of Ryûkyû are submitted to the [[Ministry of the Interior]]. In them, he congratulates the government on gaining official Chinese recognition of the [[Ryukyuan people]] as Japanese subjects, and suggests that Ryûkyû be governed somewhat indirectly, in the manner of a colony. This suggestion is ultimately rejected in favor of a [[ryukyu shobun|full annexation plan]] articulated by [[Okubo Toshimichi|Ôkubo Toshimichi]], in accordance with policy stances taken since the [[Bakumatsu period]], that Japan claimed sovereign and territorial rights over its subject states<!--属国--> and subject peoples<!--属民-->, a concept incompatible with the somewhat more removed or indirect concept of ruling a 'colony.'
 +
*1875/3/18 [[Ikegusuku ueekata]], [[Yonabaru ueekata]], [[Kochi Peechin|Kôchi Peechin]], and eight attendants meet with Japanese officials at the Ministry of the Interior.
 +
*1875/3/25 [[Matsuda Michiyuki]] steps down as governor of [[Shiga prefecture]] to take a position with the Ministry of the Interior.
 +
*1875/3/21-5/4 Ryukyuan envoys meet with Matsuda Michiyuki.
 
*1875/6 [[Sho Tai|Shô Tai]] is rebuked for not severing independent (tributary) ties with China in light of the [[1872]] conversion of the [[Kingdom of Ryukyu|Kingdom of Ryûkyû]] into [[Ryukyu han|Ryûkyû han]] and ''de jure'' annexation of the territory by Japan.
 
*1875/6 [[Sho Tai|Shô Tai]] is rebuked for not severing independent (tributary) ties with China in light of the [[1872]] conversion of the [[Kingdom of Ryukyu|Kingdom of Ryûkyû]] into [[Ryukyu han|Ryûkyû han]] and ''de jure'' annexation of the territory by Japan.
 +
*1875/6/10 Matsuda Michiyuki has an audience with [[Emperor Meiji]], and is named ''Shobun-kan'', or "Disposition Officer."
 +
*1875/6/12 Matsuda Michiyuki departs [[Shinagawa]] with over 70 men.
 +
*1875/7/10 Matsuda arrives in [[Naha]].
 +
*1875/7/14 Matsuda enters [[Shuri castle]] and meets with [[Nakijin Chofu|Prince Nakijin]], issuing a series of demands, the majority of which are rejected entirely by the Ryukyuan court.
 +
*1875/9/11 [[Ikegusuku ueekata]] and several other Ryukyuan officials accompany Matsuda as he departs Naha to return to Tokyo.
 +
*1875/10/15 Ikegusuku ueekata submits his formal letter of complaint, and remains in Tokyo for one year, continuing to reject Japanese demands on behalf of the Ryukyuan court.
  
 
==Other Events of 1875==
 
==Other Events of 1875==
 +
*[[Aizu-Wakamatsu castle]] is torn down.
 
*Meiji system of [[censorship]] is put into place.
 
*Meiji system of [[censorship]] is put into place.
 +
*The Enzetsukan ("Hall of Public Speaking") at [[Keio University|Keiô University]], commissioned by [[Fukuzawa Yukichi]] based on the architectural style of New England meetinghouses, is completed.
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*The last foreign garrisons in the [[treaty ports]] depart or are disbanded.
 +
*[[Ganghwa Island Incident]] - Japanese and Korean naval clash
 
*Many officials of the government of the [[Kingdom of Ryukyu|Kingdom of Ryûkyû]] are attacked politically for collaborating with and submitting to Japanese authority; [[Giwan Choho|Giwan Chôho]] is among those who resign in disgrace.
 
*Many officials of the government of the [[Kingdom of Ryukyu|Kingdom of Ryûkyû]] are attacked politically for collaborating with and submitting to Japanese authority; [[Giwan Choho|Giwan Chôho]] is among those who resign in disgrace.
*[[Matsuda Michiyuki]], chief official overseeing the dissolution of the Kingdom of Ryûkyû, arrives in Okinawa.
 
 
*Many structures are torn down at [[Matsumae castle]].
 
*Many structures are torn down at [[Matsumae castle]].
 
*[[Merriman Harris]] becomes Acting Consul of the United States in Japan, upon the death of his predecessor.
 
*[[Merriman Harris]] becomes Acting Consul of the United States in Japan, upon the death of his predecessor.
 
*[[Morita-za]] [[kabuki]] theater in [[Tokyo]] is renamed Shintomi-za.
 
*[[Morita-za]] [[kabuki]] theater in [[Tokyo]] is renamed Shintomi-za.
 +
*[[Niijima Jo]] founds [[Doshisha University|Dôshisha English School]], which later becomes Dôshisha University.
 
*The British quietly give up their official claim to the [[Ogasawara Islands]].
 
*The British quietly give up their official claim to the [[Ogasawara Islands]].
 +
*Ryûkyû's [[tribute]] and [[Chinese investiture envoys|investiture]] relationship with [[Qing Dynasty]] China is severed. The [[Ryukyu-kan|Ryûkyû-kan]] in [[Fuzhou]] is abolished as an institution.
 +
*Ryûkyû adopts the use of the Meiji era name in its dating of official documents, etc.
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*[[Shiroishi castle]] is torn down.
 +
*King [[Sho Tai|Shô Tai]] is ordered to journey to [[Tokyo]].
 
*Prince [[Sho In|Shô In]] is named "[[Ginowan]] ''[[ueekata]]''"; Giwan Chôho has his title changed to "Giwan ''ueekata''" as a result.
 
*Prince [[Sho In|Shô In]] is named "[[Ginowan]] ''[[ueekata]]''"; Giwan Chôho has his title changed to "Giwan ''ueekata''" as a result.
 
*[[Takashima castle]] is demolished.
 
*[[Takashima castle]] is demolished.
 +
*The [[Tongzhi Emperor]] is succeeded by the [[Guangxu Emperor]], as Emperor of the [[Qing Dynasty]].
 +
*In the United States, the Asian Exclusion Act is passed, denying entry into the country of Chinese laborers who do not come to the US voluntarily; the law is meant chiefly to stem the tide of Chinese women being brought into the country against their wills to serve as prostitutes, but many other men and women are caught up in the law's effects. This is the first immigration law implemented in the US based explicitly on race/nationality.
 
*The [[Yoshiwara]], and the brothels, teahouses, and prostitutes of a number of other areas come under the jurisdiction of the [[Tokyo Metropolitan Police]].
 
*The [[Yoshiwara]], and the brothels, teahouses, and prostitutes of a number of other areas come under the jurisdiction of the [[Tokyo Metropolitan Police]].
  
 
===Births and Deaths===
 
===Births and Deaths===
 +
*1875/2/25 (1/20 on Chinese lunar calendar) The Tongzhi Emperor dies.
 +
*1875/3/27 (2/20 on Chinese lunar calendar) [[Empress Xiaozheyi]] dies.
 +
*1875/10/16 [[Princess Kaiulani]] is born.
 
*[[Prince Kacho Hiroatsu]] is born.
 
*[[Prince Kacho Hiroatsu]] is born.
 
*[[Otagaki Rengetsu]] dies (b. [[1791]]).
 
*[[Otagaki Rengetsu]] dies (b. [[1791]]).
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*''[[Nihonga]]'' painter [[Uemura Shoen|Uemura Shôen]] is born (d. 1949).
 
*''[[Nihonga]]'' painter [[Uemura Shoen|Uemura Shôen]] is born (d. 1949).
 
*[[Yanagita Kunio]] is born.
 
*[[Yanagita Kunio]] is born.
 +
*''Nihonga'' painter [[Yuki Somei|Yûki Somei]] is born (d. 1957).
 +
*[[Zhang Zuolin]] is born (d. 1928).
  
 
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Latest revision as of 07:27, 21 April 2017

Meiji 8 (明治八年)

Timeline of 1875

Ryûkyû Shobun

  • 1875/3 Okinawan tribute mission is dispatched to China.
  • 1875/3/17 A series of statements by French legal advisor to the Meiji government Gustave Emile Boissonade on the matter of Ryûkyû are submitted to the Ministry of the Interior. In them, he congratulates the government on gaining official Chinese recognition of the Ryukyuan people as Japanese subjects, and suggests that Ryûkyû be governed somewhat indirectly, in the manner of a colony. This suggestion is ultimately rejected in favor of a full annexation plan articulated by Ôkubo Toshimichi, in accordance with policy stances taken since the Bakumatsu period, that Japan claimed sovereign and territorial rights over its subject states and subject peoples, a concept incompatible with the somewhat more removed or indirect concept of ruling a 'colony.'
  • 1875/3/18 Ikegusuku ueekata, Yonabaru ueekata, Kôchi Peechin, and eight attendants meet with Japanese officials at the Ministry of the Interior.
  • 1875/3/25 Matsuda Michiyuki steps down as governor of Shiga prefecture to take a position with the Ministry of the Interior.
  • 1875/3/21-5/4 Ryukyuan envoys meet with Matsuda Michiyuki.
  • 1875/6 Shô Tai is rebuked for not severing independent (tributary) ties with China in light of the 1872 conversion of the Kingdom of Ryûkyû into Ryûkyû han and de jure annexation of the territory by Japan.
  • 1875/6/10 Matsuda Michiyuki has an audience with Emperor Meiji, and is named Shobun-kan, or "Disposition Officer."
  • 1875/6/12 Matsuda Michiyuki departs Shinagawa with over 70 men.
  • 1875/7/10 Matsuda arrives in Naha.
  • 1875/7/14 Matsuda enters Shuri castle and meets with Prince Nakijin, issuing a series of demands, the majority of which are rejected entirely by the Ryukyuan court.
  • 1875/9/11 Ikegusuku ueekata and several other Ryukyuan officials accompany Matsuda as he departs Naha to return to Tokyo.
  • 1875/10/15 Ikegusuku ueekata submits his formal letter of complaint, and remains in Tokyo for one year, continuing to reject Japanese demands on behalf of the Ryukyuan court.

Other Events of 1875

Births and Deaths

Previous Year
1874
1875 Following Year
1876