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==Timeline of 1860==
==Timeline of 1860==
*1860/6/7 The [[Tokugawa shogunate]] concludes a Treaty of Amity and Commerce with [[Portugal]].
*1860/10 or 11 (Dec) - The steamship ''[[England (ship)|England]]'', with Scottish botanist [[Robert Fortune]] ([[1812]]-[[1880]]) aboard, enters the [[Inland Sea]].
===[[1860 Japanese Embassy to the United States|First Japanese Embassy to the United States]]===
*1860/1/18 (Feb 9) The members of the first embassy to the US, 170 Japanese and some number of American escorts, depart Edo for Yokohama.
*1860/1/19 (Feb 10) The embassy departs from Yokohama for San Francisco.
*1860/? (Spring) The ''[[USS Powhatan]]'' stops for 14 days at Hawaii for supplies. Members of the embassy visit with King Kamehameha IV and Queen Emma at the royal palace (''Hale Ali'i''). The latter request a Treaty of Friendship between Hawaii and Japan; this is eventually signed in [[1867]].
*1860/int.3/4 (May 24) President Buchanan holds a formal banquet for the ambassadors at the White House.
*1860/4/23 (Jun 16) The embassy arrives at Pier I in New York aboard the steamer ''Alida''. They participate in a procession leading up Broadway to Union Square and then back down to the Metropolitan Hotel, where they stay for the duration of their time in New York. A concert is held for them at the hotel that evening.
*1860/4/25 (Jun 18) The ambassadors receive various distinguished guests, and visit a nearby photo studio. Mayor Wood of New York holds a formal reception for the ambassadors at City Hall; Governor Morgan is also in attendance.
*1860/5/1 (Jun 19) Due to rain, formal activities for the day are suspended.
*1860/5/2 (Jun 20) The ambassadors receive a committee from the Chamber of Commerce while other members of the embassy go shopping, to concerts, and travel to sites in Brooklyn such as the Navy Yards and Greenwood Cemetery.
*1860/5/3 (Jun 21) The ambassadors are received by Frederick Law Olmsted in the newly opened Central Park, and a Japanese tree is transplanted in their honor. Later in the day, members of the embassy attend a garden party at the estate of ''New York Herald'' publisher James Gordon Bennett, in Washington Heights.
*1860/5/4 (Jun 22) Members of the embassy go shopping, and also visit various sites in the city, including Trinity Church, prisons, schools, Barnum's Museum, the Customs House, and printing presses.
*1860/5/7 (Jun 25) Friends of [[Townsend Harris]] visit the ambassadors at the Metropolitan Hotel. A ball is held at the hotel in the evening.
*1860/5/8 (Jun 26) The ambassadors pay a visit to Jane Perry, widow of Commodore [[Matthew Perry]].
*1860/5/9 (Jun 27) Members of the embassy visit various sites in the city, including harbor fortifications and a rubber factory.
*1860/5/10 (Jun 28) Captains DuPont, Lee, and Porter are each presented with a sword blade by the embassy in recognition of their "unceasing kind services."
*1860/5/12 (Jun 30) The embassy boards the ''USS Niagara'' and prepare for their journey back to Japan.
*1860/5/13 (Jul 1) The ''USS Niagara'' departs New York, sailing east across the Atlantic.
*1860/9 or 10 (Nov) The ''USS Niagara'' arrives in Edo after stops in Angola, Batavia, and Hong Kong.
==Other Events of 1860==
==Other Events of 1860==
*The [[Second Opium War]] ends.
**British forces raid the [[Yuanmingyuan]], looting many Chinese treasures, and also retaking cannon and other objects given to the [[Qianlong Emperor]] as gifts from King George III in [[1793]].
*France signs a treaty with China which includes clauses permitting Frenchmen to travel freely in China, and to own land in the Chinese interior.
*[[Makishi Chochu|Makishi Chôchû]], [[Onga Choko|Onga Chôkô]], [[Oroku Ryochu|Oroku Ryôchû]], and others involved in the [[Makishi-Onga Incident]] of [[1859]], are tried and convicted in Ryûkyû.
*An arsonist burns down the [[Yoshiwara]].
*An arsonist burns down the [[Yoshiwara]].
*[[Yamaguchi Naoki]] is appointed ''[[tsukaiban]]'', and later in the year promoted to ''[[metsuke]]''.
*[[Yamaguchi Naoki]] is appointed ''[[tsukaiban]]'', and later in the year promoted to ''[[metsuke]]''.
===Births and Deaths===
===Births and Deaths===
*1860/1/7 (Jan 29) [[Kumano no Denkichi]], translator, is killed.
*1860/3/3 [[Sakuradamongai Incident]] - [[Ii Naosuke]] is killed (b. [[1815]]).
*1860/6/12 Wakadoshiyori [[Honda Tadanori]] dies.
*[[George Bigot]] is born (d. 1927).
*[[Anna Hartshorne]] is born (d. 1957).
*[[Anna Hartshorne]] is born (d. 1957).
*[[Ii Naosuke]] is killed.
*[[Tokugawa Nariaki]] dies (b. [[1800]]).
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