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==Timeline of 1855==
==Timeline of 1855==
*Ansei 1/11/25 (Jan. 12) [[Commodore Perry]] arrives in New York.
*Ansei 1/11/25 (Jan. 12) [[Commodore Perry]] arrives in New York.
*Ansei 1/12/9 (Jan 26) The [[USS Powhatan|USS ''Powhatan'']] returns to [[Shimoda]] with the ratification instruments for the [[Convention of Kanagawa]], signed the previous year.
*Ansei 1/12/21 (Feb 7) [[Treaty of Shimoda]] signed between Russia and Japan.
*1855/1/5 (Feb 21) Commander [[Henry A. Adams]] of the ''Powhatan'' and Japanese representatives exchange ratified copies of the Convention of Kanagawa, completing the agreement process, and the ''Powhatan'' departs Japan the following day.
*1855/1/21 (March 9) The [[Treaty of Amity (Ryukyu-US)|Ryûkyû-USA Treaty of Amity]] is ratified by the US Congress and officially announced by President Franklin Pierce.
*1855/1/21 (March 9) The [[Treaty of Amity (Ryukyu-US)|Ryûkyû-USA Treaty of Amity]] is ratified by the US Congress and officially announced by President Franklin Pierce.
*1855/10 [[Ansei Earthquake]] strikes Edo.
*1855/2/22 The shogunate declares all of [[Ezo]] territory under direct shogunate control, leaving the [[Matsumae clan]] in control only of a certain area of land immediately around [[Matsumae castle|Matsumae]].
*1855/10/15 A [[Treaty of Amity (Ryukyu-France)|Treaty of Amity]] is signed between France and the [[Kingdom of Ryukyu|Kingdom of Ryûkyû]].
*1855/5/19 A [[Ryukyuan mission to Edo]] departs from [[Naha]].
*1855/5/29 The Ryukyuan mission to Edo arrives at [[Kagoshima]].
*1855/10 French ships call at Ryûkyû.
*1855/10 The shogunate grants permission for samurai and commoners to settle in [[Ezo]] and offers loans to those who engage in developing the land.
*1855/10/2 [[Ansei Earthquake]] strikes Edo.
*1855/10/15 A [[Treaty of Amity (Ryukyu-France)|Treaty of Amity]] is signed between France and the [[Kingdom of Ryukyu|Kingdom of Ryûkyû]], allowing a French mission to be established, and for Frenchmen to move freely within the kingdom.
*1855/12/3 [[Tokugawa Yoshinobu]] (head of the [[Hitotsubashi family]]) and [[Ichijo Mikako|Ichijô Mikako]] marry.
==Other Events of 1855==
==Other Events of 1855==
*[[Abe Masahiro]] steps down as [[Tairo|Tairô]].
*[[Bernard Bettelheim]] publishes his translation of the Gospel of Luke into [[Okinawan language|Okinawan]].
*The [[VOC|Dutch]] gift the shogunate a [[telegraph]].
*The [[Kyoto Gosho|Kyoto Imperial Palace]] is rebuilt.
*The [[Kyoto Gosho|Kyoto Imperial Palace]] is rebuilt.
*[[Treaty of Shimoda]] - The shogunate and [[Russia]] complete the first of a number of agreements seeking to define geographical borders between the two countries' territories. The shogunate assumes direct administration of [[Ezo]] in order to more solidly claim the territory and repel Russian incursions. The [[Kuril Islands]] are officially given to Russia, but the status of [[Sakhalin]] is left undecided. This represents the first establishment of "modern" political borders for Japan.
*Muslims in China's southwestern provinces rise up in rebellion; they are not suppressed until [[1873]].
*Paris hosts a [[World's Fair]] for the first time - the [[Exposition Universelle of 1855]].
*The Ryukyuan mission to Edo is canceled, and returns home to Ryûkyû from Kagoshima, in the aftermath of the Ansei Earthquake.
*''[[Bansho Shirabesho|Yôgakusho]]'' (Bureau of Western Studies) is founded by the shogunate.
*''[[Bansho Shirabesho|Yôgakusho]]'' (Bureau of Western Studies) is founded by the shogunate.
*[[Yonago castle]] collapses following an earthquake.
===Births and Deaths===
===Births and Deaths===
*''[[Yoga|Yôga]]'' painter [[Goseda Yoshimatsu]] is born (d. 1915).
*[[Inukai Tsuyoshi]] is born (d. 1932).
*''[[Yuzen|Yûzen]]'' artist [[Nishimura Sozaemon XII]] is born (d. 1935).
*''[[Yuzen|Yûzen]]'' artist [[Nishimura Sozaemon XII]] is born (d. 1935).
*1855/2/16 Former Gonnodainagon [[Takakura Nagamasa]] dies.
*1855/4/20 [[Maeda Toshiyoshi]], lord of [[Daishoji han|Daishôji han]], dies.
*1855/5/26 [[Choshu han|Chôshû]] retainer [[Murata Seifu|Murata Seifû]] born.
*1855/7/28 [[Tsugaru Tsugutomi]], heir to the lord of [[Hirosaki han]], dies. Retainers [[Oyatsu Iwagoro|Ôyatsu Iwagorô]] and [[Tateyama Gen'emon]] follow him in death.
*1855/10/15 [[Sagara Nagatomi]], lord of [[Hitoyoshi han]], dies.
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