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==Timeline of 1644==
==Timeline of 1644==
*Kanei 21/12 Two [[Ryukyuan embassy|Rykuyan embassies]] journey to Edo.
*1644/9 [[Chinese in Nagasaki|Chinese merchants in Nagasaki]] inform Japanese authorities of the fall of the [[Ming Dynasty]].
*1644/12 Two [[Ryukyuan embassy|Rykuyan embassies]] journey to Edo, and to [[Nikko Toshogu|Nikkô Tôshôgû]].
==Other Events of 1644==
==Other Events of 1644==
*Beijing falls to Manchu invasion; Ming Dynasty succeeded by Qing Dynasty.
*[[Beijing]] falls to [[Manchus|Manchu]] invasion; Ming Dynasty succeeded by [[Qing Dynasty]]. The [[Shunzhi Emperor]] becomes the first Manchu emperor to rule over the majority of China.
*[[Ayutthaya]] dispatches an envoy to request the resumption of trade and relations with Japan. The ship succumbs to typhoon or inclement weather and never makes it to Japan.
*The shogunate lifts the ban on ''[[onnagata]]'' on the [[kabuki]] stage, under the provisions that there be a distinction between the ''onnagata'' and those who play male roles, that the genders of the actors be known, and that nothing be done onstage to confuse the audience as to the gender of the actors.
*The shogunate forbids kabuki and ''[[bunraku|ningyô jôruri]]'' plays from using the names of contemporary figures of importance.
*Reconstruction is completed on the five-story pagoda at [[To-ji|Tô-ji]] destroyed by fire in [[1641]].
*[[Tomibansho|Tômibansho]]<!--遠見番所--> (guard posts) are established in various locations throughout the Ryûkyû Kingdom.
*The [[Yoshiwara]] burns down.
===Births and Deaths===
===Births and Deaths===
*[[Matsuo Basho|Matsuo Bashô]], ''[[haikai]]'' and ''[[haiku]]'' poet, born (d. 1694).
*[[Hayashi Nobuatsu]] is born (d. [[1732]]).
*[[Matsuo Basho|Matsuo Bashô]], ''[[haikai]]'' and ''[[haiku]]'' poet, is born (d. 1694).
*[[Sakai]] merchant [[Tani Shoan|Tani Shôan]] dies (b. [[1589]]).
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